An eight-element wideband MIMO antenna with an effective operating bandwidth of 78% (3.2-7.3 GHz) is studied. Performance with human hands and head model with the perspec...
Abstract:
An eight-element wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for the fifth-generation (5G) mobile terminal is proposed. The antenna elements are placed along b...Show MoreMetadata
Abstract:
An eight-element wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for the fifth-generation (5G) mobile terminal is proposed. The antenna elements are placed along both long side edges of the mobile terminal with a profile of 6 mm. The proposed monopole-inspired antenna element shows a good impedance match, isolation, and diversity parameter across a very wide bandwidth of 78 % (3.2-7.3 GHz), and it can cover the 5G NR n77/n78/n79/n96, LTE 46, and WLAN 5 GHz bands. The result shows that the MIMO antenna can offer inter-element isolation better than 12 dB, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) below 0.069, and a peak channel capacity of 42.7 bps/Hz across the desired 5G bands. The specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis of the proposed MIMO antenna with a human head has exhibited SAR levels (0.41 W/Kg and 0.33 W/Kg at two resonating frequencies 3.9 GHz and 5.8 GHz, respectively) much lower than the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) permissible limit (1.6 W/Kg over 1 gram tissue).
An eight-element wideband MIMO antenna with an effective operating bandwidth of 78% (3.2-7.3 GHz) is studied. Performance with human hands and head model with the perspec...
Published in: IEEE Access ( Volume: 11)
Funding Agency:
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
Anju Kumari Rai (Member, IEEE) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and communication engineering from the University College of Technology, Jharkhand, India, in 2016, and the M.E. degree in microwave communication from the Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, India, in 2018. She is currently pursuing the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in RF and microwaves discipline with the Department of Electrical Engineeri...Show More
Anju Kumari Rai (Member, IEEE) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and communication engineering from the University College of Technology, Jharkhand, India, in 2016, and the M.E. degree in microwave communication from the Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, India, in 2018. She is currently pursuing the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in RF and microwaves discipline with the Department of Electrical Engineeri...View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
Rahul Kumar Jaiswal (Member, IEEE) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and communication engineering from Uttar-Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow, India, in 2012, and the M.Tech. degree in microwave electronics from the University of Delhi South Campus, Delhi, India, in 2016. He is currently pursuing the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in RF and microwaves discipline with the Department of Electrical Engine...Show More
Rahul Kumar Jaiswal (Member, IEEE) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and communication engineering from Uttar-Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow, India, in 2012, and the M.Tech. degree in microwave electronics from the University of Delhi South Campus, Delhi, India, in 2016. He is currently pursuing the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in RF and microwaves discipline with the Department of Electrical Engine...View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
Kahani Kumari (Member, IEEE) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and communication engineering from the West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata, India, in 2012, and the M.E. degree in microwave communication from the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India, in 2015. She is currently pursuing the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in RF and microwaves discipline with the Departm...Show More
Kahani Kumari (Member, IEEE) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and communication engineering from the West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata, India, in 2012, and the M.E. degree in microwave communication from the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India, in 2015. She is currently pursuing the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in RF and microwaves discipline with the Departm...View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
Kumar Vaibhav Srivastava (Senior Member, IEEE) was born in Allahabad, India, in May 1982. He received the B.Tech. degree in electronics engineering from the Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Sultanpur, India, in 2002, and the M.Tech. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, India, in 2004 and 2007, respectively. He was with the GE Global Research Centre, ...Show More
Kumar Vaibhav Srivastava (Senior Member, IEEE) was born in Allahabad, India, in May 1982. He received the B.Tech. degree in electronics engineering from the Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Sultanpur, India, in 2002, and the M.Tech. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, India, in 2004 and 2007, respectively. He was with the GE Global Research Centre, ...View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan
Chow-Yen-Desmond Sim (Senior Member, IEEE) was born in Singapore, in 1971. He received the B.Sc. degree from the Department of Engineering, University of Leicester, U.K., in 1998, and the Ph.D. degree from the Radio System Group, Department of Engineering, University of Leicester, in 2003. From 2003 to 2007, he was an Assistant Professor with the Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Chienkuo Technology Un...Show More
Chow-Yen-Desmond Sim (Senior Member, IEEE) was born in Singapore, in 1971. He received the B.Sc. degree from the Department of Engineering, University of Leicester, U.K., in 1998, and the Ph.D. degree from the Radio System Group, Department of Engineering, University of Leicester, in 2003. From 2003 to 2007, he was an Assistant Professor with the Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Chienkuo Technology Un...View more
Contents Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
Anju Kumari Rai (Member, IEEE) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and communication engineering from the University College of Technology, Jharkhand, India, in 2016, and the M.E. degree in microwave communication from the Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, India, in 2018. She is currently pursuing the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in RF and microwaves discipline with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur, India. Her thesis was on filter design over folded substrate integrated waveguide. Her research interests include MIMO antennas and 5G and beyond antennas.
Anju Kumari Rai (Member, IEEE) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and communication engineering from the University College of Technology, Jharkhand, India, in 2016, and the M.E. degree in microwave communication from the Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, India, in 2018. She is currently pursuing the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in RF and microwaves discipline with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur, India. Her thesis was on filter design over folded substrate integrated waveguide. Her research interests include MIMO antennas and 5G and beyond antennas.View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
Rahul Kumar Jaiswal (Member, IEEE) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and communication engineering from Uttar-Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow, India, in 2012, and the M.Tech. degree in microwave electronics from the University of Delhi South Campus, Delhi, India, in 2016. He is currently pursuing the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in RF and microwaves discipline with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT Kanpur), India, under the supervision of Prof. Kumar Vaibhav Srivastava. He worked as a Project Trainee with the Society for Applied Microwave Electronics Engineering and Research (SAMEER), Kolkata, from 2015 to 2016. He also worked as a Scientist in Institute for Plasma Research (IPR), Gandhinagar, India, from 2016 to 2017. He has published several journal/conference papers on various aspects of antennas and RF waveguides. His research interests include MIMO antennas, circularly polarized antennas, unidirectional and bidirectional endfire CP antennas, base station antennas, and full-duplex antennas. He received the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Doctoral Research Grant in 2021. He is also serving as the Chair for IEEE APS-SBC with the IIT Kanpur.
Rahul Kumar Jaiswal (Member, IEEE) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and communication engineering from Uttar-Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow, India, in 2012, and the M.Tech. degree in microwave electronics from the University of Delhi South Campus, Delhi, India, in 2016. He is currently pursuing the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in RF and microwaves discipline with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT Kanpur), India, under the supervision of Prof. Kumar Vaibhav Srivastava. He worked as a Project Trainee with the Society for Applied Microwave Electronics Engineering and Research (SAMEER), Kolkata, from 2015 to 2016. He also worked as a Scientist in Institute for Plasma Research (IPR), Gandhinagar, India, from 2016 to 2017. He has published several journal/conference papers on various aspects of antennas and RF waveguides. His research interests include MIMO antennas, circularly polarized antennas, unidirectional and bidirectional endfire CP antennas, base station antennas, and full-duplex antennas. He received the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Doctoral Research Grant in 2021. He is also serving as the Chair for IEEE APS-SBC with the IIT Kanpur.View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
Kahani Kumari (Member, IEEE) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and communication engineering from the West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata, India, in 2012, and the M.E. degree in microwave communication from the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India, in 2015. She is currently pursuing the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in RF and microwaves discipline with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur, India. She has published several journals/conference papers on various aspects of full-duplex antennas and circularly polarized antennas. Her research interests include full-duplex antennas, MIMO antennas, circularly polarized antennas, unidirectional and bidirectional endfire CP antennas, and base station antennas.
Kahani Kumari (Member, IEEE) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and communication engineering from the West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata, India, in 2012, and the M.E. degree in microwave communication from the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India, in 2015. She is currently pursuing the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in RF and microwaves discipline with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur, India. She has published several journals/conference papers on various aspects of full-duplex antennas and circularly polarized antennas. Her research interests include full-duplex antennas, MIMO antennas, circularly polarized antennas, unidirectional and bidirectional endfire CP antennas, and base station antennas.View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
Kumar Vaibhav Srivastava (Senior Member, IEEE) was born in Allahabad, India, in May 1982. He received the B.Tech. degree in electronics engineering from the Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Sultanpur, India, in 2002, and the M.Tech. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, India, in 2004 and 2007, respectively. He was with the GE Global Research Centre, Bengaluru, India, for one year in 2008. At GE, he contributed significantly on wireless power transfer, magneto-caloric refrigerator, perambulatory stroke detection, and subsea communication. In 2009, he joined as an Assistant Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Kanpur, where he has been working as a Professor, since November 2018. He has published more than 130 international journal articles and 160 conference papers in last 16 years. He has two international and three national patents also to his credits. His research interests include microwave engineering, such as microwave antennas, metamaterials, metamaterial absorbers and cloaking, FDTD technique, and MIMO antennas. He is a member of various professional societies like IEI and IET, and a fellow of IETE. He received various awards, such as Cadence Gold Medal-2005 for Best M.Tech. Thesis at IIT Kanpur, IEI (The Institution of Engineers, India) Young Engineer Award 2014, P.K. Kelkar Young Research Fellowship at IIT Kanpur, Excellence-in-Teaching Award 2020 at IIT Kanpur for outstanding teaching, Motohisa Kanda Award 2021 for highest citations in IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, and many awards for best papers in various national and international conferences. He is also serving as the Sanjay and Rachna Pradhan Chair Professor at IIT Kanpur. He served as the Vice-Chair and the Chair for the IEEE UP Section, in 2017 and 2018, respectively. He also served as the Vice-Chair for the Education Activities and Awards and the IEEE India Council, in 2019 and 2020, respectively. He is the Founding Chair of the IEEE AP Society Chapter in Uttar Pradesh Section. He is actively involved in a professional activity of the IEEE. He was a Secretary and Treasurer of the IEEE UP Section, during 2012–2013 and 2015, respectively.
Kumar Vaibhav Srivastava (Senior Member, IEEE) was born in Allahabad, India, in May 1982. He received the B.Tech. degree in electronics engineering from the Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Sultanpur, India, in 2002, and the M.Tech. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, India, in 2004 and 2007, respectively. He was with the GE Global Research Centre, Bengaluru, India, for one year in 2008. At GE, he contributed significantly on wireless power transfer, magneto-caloric refrigerator, perambulatory stroke detection, and subsea communication. In 2009, he joined as an Assistant Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Kanpur, where he has been working as a Professor, since November 2018. He has published more than 130 international journal articles and 160 conference papers in last 16 years. He has two international and three national patents also to his credits. His research interests include microwave engineering, such as microwave antennas, metamaterials, metamaterial absorbers and cloaking, FDTD technique, and MIMO antennas. He is a member of various professional societies like IEI and IET, and a fellow of IETE. He received various awards, such as Cadence Gold Medal-2005 for Best M.Tech. Thesis at IIT Kanpur, IEI (The Institution of Engineers, India) Young Engineer Award 2014, P.K. Kelkar Young Research Fellowship at IIT Kanpur, Excellence-in-Teaching Award 2020 at IIT Kanpur for outstanding teaching, Motohisa Kanda Award 2021 for highest citations in IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, and many awards for best papers in various national and international conferences. He is also serving as the Sanjay and Rachna Pradhan Chair Professor at IIT Kanpur. He served as the Vice-Chair and the Chair for the IEEE UP Section, in 2017 and 2018, respectively. He also served as the Vice-Chair for the Education Activities and Awards and the IEEE India Council, in 2019 and 2020, respectively. He is the Founding Chair of the IEEE AP Society Chapter in Uttar Pradesh Section. He is actively involved in a professional activity of the IEEE. He was a Secretary and Treasurer of the IEEE UP Section, during 2012–2013 and 2015, respectively.View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan
Chow-Yen-Desmond Sim (Senior Member, IEEE) was born in Singapore, in 1971. He received the B.Sc. degree from the Department of Engineering, University of Leicester, U.K., in 1998, and the Ph.D. degree from the Radio System Group, Department of Engineering, University of Leicester, in 2003. From 2003 to 2007, he was an Assistant Professor with the Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Chienkuo Technology University, Changhua, Taiwan. In 2007, he joined the Department of Electrical Engineering, Feng Chia University (FCU), Taichung, Taiwan, as an Associate Professor, where he became a Full Professor, in 2012, and a Distinguish Professor, in 2017. He has served as the Executive Officer for Master’s Program with the College of Information and Electrical Engineering (Industrial Research and Development) and the Director of the Intelligent IoT Industrial Ph.D. Program, from August 2015 to July 2018. He co-founded the Antennas and Microwave Circuits Innovation Research Center, Feng Chia University, and worked as the Director, from 2016 to 2019, where he worked as the Head of the Department of Electrical Engineering, from August 2018 to July 2021. He has authored or coauthored more than 190 SCI papers. His current research interests include antenna design, VHF/UHF tropospheric propagation, and RFID applications. He is a fellow of the Institute of Engineering and Technology (FIET), a Senior Member of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, and a Life Member of the IAET. He has served as the TPC member for many international conferences. He was a recipient of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Outstanding Reviewer Award from the IEEE Transaction Antennas and Propagation for eight consecutive years, from 2014 to 2021. He has also received the Outstanding Associate Editor Award from the IEEE Antennas Wireless and Propagation Letters, in July 2018. He served as the TPC Sub-Committee Chair (Antenna) for the ISAP 2014 and PIERS 2017/2019. He was invited as the Workshop/Tutorial Speaker of APEMC 2015, iAIM 2017, InCAP 2018, and APMC 2022, and the Invited Speaker of TDAT 2015, iWAT 2018, APCAP 2018, ISAP 2019, InCAP 2019, ISRAST 2020, ISAP 2020, NEAST 2020, URSI GASS 2021, iWEM 2021, WAMS 2022, and APCAP 2022. He was the Keynote Speaker of IEEE SOLI 2018. He has served as the Advisory Committee for InCAP 2018/2019 and ICoICCS 2021, and has also served as the TPC Chair for the APCAP 2016, iWEM 2019/2020, and a Track Chair for ICCC 2022. He was the General Co-Chair of ISAP 2021. He has served as the Chapter Chair for the IEEE AP-Society, Taipei Chapter (from January 2016 to December 2017), and he is the Founding Chapter Chair of the IEEE Council of RFID, Taipei Chapter (from October 2017 to December 2020). He has served as an Associate Editor of IEEE Access, from August 2016 to January 2021. He is also serving as an Associate Editor of the IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, the IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification, and the International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering. Since October 2016, he has been serving as the Technical Consultant for Securitag Assembly Group (SAG), which is one of the largest RFID tag manufacturers in Taiwan. He has been serving as the Consultant for Avary (the largest PCB manufacturer in mainland China), since August 2018.
Chow-Yen-Desmond Sim (Senior Member, IEEE) was born in Singapore, in 1971. He received the B.Sc. degree from the Department of Engineering, University of Leicester, U.K., in 1998, and the Ph.D. degree from the Radio System Group, Department of Engineering, University of Leicester, in 2003. From 2003 to 2007, he was an Assistant Professor with the Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Chienkuo Technology University, Changhua, Taiwan. In 2007, he joined the Department of Electrical Engineering, Feng Chia University (FCU), Taichung, Taiwan, as an Associate Professor, where he became a Full Professor, in 2012, and a Distinguish Professor, in 2017. He has served as the Executive Officer for Master’s Program with the College of Information and Electrical Engineering (Industrial Research and Development) and the Director of the Intelligent IoT Industrial Ph.D. Program, from August 2015 to July 2018. He co-founded the Antennas and Microwave Circuits Innovation Research Center, Feng Chia University, and worked as the Director, from 2016 to 2019, where he worked as the Head of the Department of Electrical Engineering, from August 2018 to July 2021. He has authored or coauthored more than 190 SCI papers. His current research interests include antenna design, VHF/UHF tropospheric propagation, and RFID applications. He is a fellow of the Institute of Engineering and Technology (FIET), a Senior Member of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, and a Life Member of the IAET. He has served as the TPC member for many international conferences. He was a recipient of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Outstanding Reviewer Award from the IEEE Transaction Antennas and Propagation for eight consecutive years, from 2014 to 2021. He has also received the Outstanding Associate Editor Award from the IEEE Antennas Wireless and Propagation Letters, in July 2018. He served as the TPC Sub-Committee Chair (Antenna) for the ISAP 2014 and PIERS 2017/2019. He was invited as the Workshop/Tutorial Speaker of APEMC 2015, iAIM 2017, InCAP 2018, and APMC 2022, and the Invited Speaker of TDAT 2015, iWAT 2018, APCAP 2018, ISAP 2019, InCAP 2019, ISRAST 2020, ISAP 2020, NEAST 2020, URSI GASS 2021, iWEM 2021, WAMS 2022, and APCAP 2022. He was the Keynote Speaker of IEEE SOLI 2018. He has served as the Advisory Committee for InCAP 2018/2019 and ICoICCS 2021, and has also served as the TPC Chair for the APCAP 2016, iWEM 2019/2020, and a Track Chair for ICCC 2022. He was the General Co-Chair of ISAP 2021. He has served as the Chapter Chair for the IEEE AP-Society, Taipei Chapter (from January 2016 to December 2017), and he is the Founding Chapter Chair of the IEEE Council of RFID, Taipei Chapter (from October 2017 to December 2020). He has served as an Associate Editor of IEEE Access, from August 2016 to January 2021. He is also serving as an Associate Editor of the IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, the IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification, and the International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering. Since October 2016, he has been serving as the Technical Consultant for Securitag Assembly Group (SAG), which is one of the largest RFID tag manufacturers in Taiwan. He has been serving as the Consultant for Avary (the largest PCB manufacturer in mainland China), since August 2018.View more