Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields Emitted from Wireless Devices: Mechanisms and Assessment Methods

The aim of this chapter is to discuss the interaction mechanisms and evaluation methods associated with the absorption of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) emitted from wireless communication devices with the human body. To quantify the EMF absorption, several numerical and/or experimental diametric measures can be utilized, depending on the interaction mechanism, and the frequency of exposure. These measures include the electric field strength, power density, specific energy absorption rate (SAR), specific absorption (SA), and other methods. Although there is no clear evidence linking short‐term exposure to EMF emission from wireless communication systems with adverse health effects, the rapid expansion of the utilized frequency spectrum for next‐generation communication devices raises concerns relating to potential health implications associated with the waves emitted from the ever‐evolving wireless technologies. This chapter will focus on the theoretical electromagnetic (EM) interaction mechanisms with the human body and will discuss the recommended guidelines for the exposure limits and the challenges associated with the assessment methods. The highlighted results can shed further light into the interaction mechanism and can also help design engineers to develop novel techniques for reducing EMF emissions in future mobile communication systems.