Abstract:
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries suffer from substantial capacity and power degradation at low temperatures, severely deteriorating the performance of battery-based transpo...Show MoreMetadata
Abstract:
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries suffer from substantial capacity and power degradation at low temperatures, severely deteriorating the performance of battery-based transportation electrification. To overcome this issue, different preheating techniques have been proposed to recover the performance of Li-ion batteries in cold climates. Among these, internal heating schemes are more promising than traditional conductive and convective approaches owing to their superiorities in terms of high efficiency, rapid speed, and uniform temperature distribution. This article reviews various internal heating methodologies developed in recent years for Li-ion batteries, including mutual pulse current heating, alternating current (ac) heating, compound heating, and all-climate-battery (ACB)-based heating. Specifically, the effects of low temperatures on Li-ion batteries are first outlined in terms of cell performance and electrochemical characteristics. Then, the heat generation mechanism during internal heating is briefly described, based on which the internal temperature monitoring methods are also investigated considering the temperature gradient. Next, a comprehensive literature survey on different internal heating schemes with their basic principles, benefits, and drawbacks is presented. Finally, future trends of internal heating methods to benefit automotive battery performance are discussed in terms of key technologies, promising opportunities, and challenges.
Published in: IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification ( Volume: 9, Issue: 4, December 2023)
Funding Agency:
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Chong Zhu (Member, IEEE) received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from the China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China, in 2010, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, in 2016.
He was a Post-Doctoral Researcher with San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA, from 2017 to 2019. He is currently an Associate Professor with the School of Mechanical ...Show More
Chong Zhu (Member, IEEE) received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from the China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China, in 2010, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, in 2016.
He was a Post-Doctoral Researcher with San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA, from 2017 to 2019. He is currently an Associate Professor with the School of Mechanical ...View more
College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Liang Du (Senior Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA, in 2013.
He was a Research Intern with Eaton Corporation Innovation Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA, in 2011; Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs, Cambridge, MA, USA, in 2012; and Philips Research N. A., Briarcliff Manor, NY, USA, in 2013. He was an Electrical Engineer with Schlumberger, S...Show More
Liang Du (Senior Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA, in 2013.
He was a Research Intern with Eaton Corporation Innovation Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA, in 2011; Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs, Cambridge, MA, USA, in 2012; and Philips Research N. A., Briarcliff Manor, NY, USA, in 2013. He was an Electrical Engineer with Schlumberger, S...View more
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Bangjun Guo received the B.S. degree in applied physics from Shandong University, Jinan, China, in 2013, and the Ph.D. degree in physical electronics from East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, in 2018.
He was a Post-Doctoral Researcher of automotive engineering with the School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, from 2018 to 2021, where he is currently a Research Assistant. His rese...Show More
Bangjun Guo received the B.S. degree in applied physics from Shandong University, Jinan, China, in 2013, and the Ph.D. degree in physical electronics from East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, in 2018.
He was a Post-Doctoral Researcher of automotive engineering with the School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, from 2018 to 2021, where he is currently a Research Assistant. His rese...View more
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Guodong Fan received the B.S. degree from Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, China, in 2009, the M.S. degree from Tongji University, Shanghai, China, in 2012, and the Ph.D. degree from The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA, in 2016.
From 2016 to 2020, he was a Senior Technical Specialist and a Group Leader with Cummins Inc., Columbus, IN, USA, responsible for the development of the battery models and control strate...Show More
Guodong Fan received the B.S. degree from Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, China, in 2009, the M.S. degree from Tongji University, Shanghai, China, in 2012, and the Ph.D. degree from The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA, in 2016.
From 2016 to 2020, he was a Senior Technical Specialist and a Group Leader with Cummins Inc., Columbus, IN, USA, responsible for the development of the battery models and control strate...View more
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Fei Lu (Member, IEEE) received the B.S. and M.S. degrees from the Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China, in 2010 and 2012, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, in 2017, all in electrical engineering.
He is currently an Assistant Professor with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. His research interests inc...Show More
Fei Lu (Member, IEEE) received the B.S. and M.S. degrees from the Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China, in 2010 and 2012, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, in 2017, all in electrical engineering.
He is currently an Assistant Professor with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. His research interests inc...View more
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Hua Zhang (Member, IEEE) received the B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China, in 2011, 2014, and 2017, respectively.
From September 2014 to August 2015, she was a joint Ph.D. Student with the University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USA, founded by the China Scholarship Council. From September 2015, she started to work with San Diego State Univ...Show More
Hua Zhang (Member, IEEE) received the B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China, in 2011, 2014, and 2017, respectively.
From September 2014 to August 2015, she was a joint Ph.D. Student with the University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USA, founded by the China Scholarship Council. From September 2015, she started to work with San Diego State Univ...View more
School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
Kailong Liu (Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in energy engineering from Queen’s University, Belfast, U.K., in 2018.
He is currently a Professor with the School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China. His research interests include modeling, optimization, and control with applications to electrical/hybrid vehicles, energy storage, battery manufacture, and management.
Dr. Liu is on the e...Show More
Kailong Liu (Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in energy engineering from Queen’s University, Belfast, U.K., in 2018.
He is currently a Professor with the School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China. His research interests include modeling, optimization, and control with applications to electrical/hybrid vehicles, energy storage, battery manufacture, and management.
Dr. Liu is on the e...View more
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Xi Zhang (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Sc. degree in applied mathematics and the B.E. degree in information and control engineering, and the M.E. and Ph.D. degrees in power electronics and electric power drive from Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Shanghai, China, in 2002, 2004, and 2007, respectively.
From September 2007 to July 2009, he held a post-doctoral position with the Department of Electrical and Compu...Show More
Xi Zhang (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Sc. degree in applied mathematics and the B.E. degree in information and control engineering, and the M.E. and Ph.D. degrees in power electronics and electric power drive from Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Shanghai, China, in 2002, 2004, and 2007, respectively.
From September 2007 to July 2009, he held a post-doctoral position with the Department of Electrical and Compu...View more
Contents School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Chong Zhu (Member, IEEE) received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from the China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China, in 2010, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, in 2016.
He was a Post-Doctoral Researcher with San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA, from 2017 to 2019. He is currently an Associate Professor with the School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. His research interests include battery thermal management and design and control of power converters applied in electric vehicles.
Chong Zhu (Member, IEEE) received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from the China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China, in 2010, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, in 2016.
He was a Post-Doctoral Researcher with San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA, from 2017 to 2019. He is currently an Associate Professor with the School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. His research interests include battery thermal management and design and control of power converters applied in electric vehicles.View more
College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Liang Du (Senior Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA, in 2013.
He was a Research Intern with Eaton Corporation Innovation Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA, in 2011; Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs, Cambridge, MA, USA, in 2012; and Philips Research N. A., Briarcliff Manor, NY, USA, in 2013. He was an Electrical Engineer with Schlumberger, Sugar Land, TX, USA, from 2013 to 2017. He is currently an Assistant Professor with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Dr. Du received the Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award from Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) in 2018 and two best conference papers from the IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PES-GM) in 2021 and 2022. He also serves as an Associate Editor for the IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications and IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification.
Liang Du (Senior Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA, in 2013.
He was a Research Intern with Eaton Corporation Innovation Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA, in 2011; Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs, Cambridge, MA, USA, in 2012; and Philips Research N. A., Briarcliff Manor, NY, USA, in 2013. He was an Electrical Engineer with Schlumberger, Sugar Land, TX, USA, from 2013 to 2017. He is currently an Assistant Professor with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Dr. Du received the Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award from Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) in 2018 and two best conference papers from the IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PES-GM) in 2021 and 2022. He also serves as an Associate Editor for the IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications and IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification.View more
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Bangjun Guo received the B.S. degree in applied physics from Shandong University, Jinan, China, in 2013, and the Ph.D. degree in physical electronics from East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, in 2018.
He was a Post-Doctoral Researcher of automotive engineering with the School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, from 2018 to 2021, where he is currently a Research Assistant. His research interests include battery management system for vehicle, lithium-ion battery, solid state lithium-ion battery, and power management strategies.
Bangjun Guo received the B.S. degree in applied physics from Shandong University, Jinan, China, in 2013, and the Ph.D. degree in physical electronics from East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, in 2018.
He was a Post-Doctoral Researcher of automotive engineering with the School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, from 2018 to 2021, where he is currently a Research Assistant. His research interests include battery management system for vehicle, lithium-ion battery, solid state lithium-ion battery, and power management strategies.View more
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Guodong Fan received the B.S. degree from Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, China, in 2009, the M.S. degree from Tongji University, Shanghai, China, in 2012, and the Ph.D. degree from The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA, in 2016.
From 2016 to 2020, he was a Senior Technical Specialist and a Group Leader with Cummins Inc., Columbus, IN, USA, responsible for the development of the battery models and control strategies for electric vehicles. He is currently an Associate Professor with the School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai. His current research interests include multiscale, multidimensional modeling of battery performance and life, battery diagnosis, and prognosis and intelligent battery management systems.
Guodong Fan received the B.S. degree from Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, China, in 2009, the M.S. degree from Tongji University, Shanghai, China, in 2012, and the Ph.D. degree from The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA, in 2016.
From 2016 to 2020, he was a Senior Technical Specialist and a Group Leader with Cummins Inc., Columbus, IN, USA, responsible for the development of the battery models and control strategies for electric vehicles. He is currently an Associate Professor with the School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai. His current research interests include multiscale, multidimensional modeling of battery performance and life, battery diagnosis, and prognosis and intelligent battery management systems.View more
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Fei Lu (Member, IEEE) received the B.S. and M.S. degrees from the Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China, in 2010 and 2012, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, in 2017, all in electrical engineering.
He is currently an Assistant Professor with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. His research interests include power electronics and the application of electric vehicle charging.
Fei Lu (Member, IEEE) received the B.S. and M.S. degrees from the Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China, in 2010 and 2012, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, in 2017, all in electrical engineering.
He is currently an Assistant Professor with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. His research interests include power electronics and the application of electric vehicle charging.View more
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Hua Zhang (Member, IEEE) received the B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China, in 2011, 2014, and 2017, respectively.
From September 2014 to August 2015, she was a joint Ph.D. Student with the University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USA, founded by the China Scholarship Council. From September 2015, she started to work with San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA. She is currently a Post-Doctoral Research Associate with Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Her research interests include the charging technology of electric vehicles.
Hua Zhang (Member, IEEE) received the B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China, in 2011, 2014, and 2017, respectively.
From September 2014 to August 2015, she was a joint Ph.D. Student with the University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USA, founded by the China Scholarship Council. From September 2015, she started to work with San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA. She is currently a Post-Doctoral Research Associate with Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Her research interests include the charging technology of electric vehicles.View more
School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
Kailong Liu (Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in energy engineering from Queen’s University, Belfast, U.K., in 2018.
He is currently a Professor with the School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China. His research interests include modeling, optimization, and control with applications to electrical/hybrid vehicles, energy storage, battery manufacture, and management.
Dr. Liu is on the editorial boards of some journals of his area, including the IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, and Control Engineering Practice.
Kailong Liu (Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in energy engineering from Queen’s University, Belfast, U.K., in 2018.
He is currently a Professor with the School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China. His research interests include modeling, optimization, and control with applications to electrical/hybrid vehicles, energy storage, battery manufacture, and management.
Dr. Liu is on the editorial boards of some journals of his area, including the IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, and Control Engineering Practice.View more
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Xi Zhang (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Sc. degree in applied mathematics and the B.E. degree in information and control engineering, and the M.E. and Ph.D. degrees in power electronics and electric power drive from Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Shanghai, China, in 2002, 2004, and 2007, respectively.
From September 2007 to July 2009, he held a post-doctoral position with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USA. He is currently a Professor with the Institute of Automotive Engineering and the National Engineering Laboratory for Automotive Electronics and Control Technology, SJTU. His research interests include wireless charging, power management strategies, power electronics devices, and motor control systems of electric vehicle (EV)/HEV.
Xi Zhang (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Sc. degree in applied mathematics and the B.E. degree in information and control engineering, and the M.E. and Ph.D. degrees in power electronics and electric power drive from Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Shanghai, China, in 2002, 2004, and 2007, respectively.
From September 2007 to July 2009, he held a post-doctoral position with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USA. He is currently a Professor with the Institute of Automotive Engineering and the National Engineering Laboratory for Automotive Electronics and Control Technology, SJTU. His research interests include wireless charging, power management strategies, power electronics devices, and motor control systems of electric vehicle (EV)/HEV.View more
