Evaluation of Vehicle Camouflage Effectiveness Under a Complex Background Based on the Time-Limited Search Model

To comprehensively evaluate the camouflage effect of a camouflaged vehicle in a complex background based on the detection and identification processes of the time-limited search model, the visual saliency degree and feature similarity degree were used to represent the camouflage effect, and a camouflage effect evaluation method was proposed. For the visual saliency degree algorithm, in which the concepts of local saliency degree and target saliency degree were introduced, the visual saliency features of the camouflaged vehicle and background image were manually extracted, multiscale saliency matrices were constructed, and the comprehensive saliency function was used to calculate the visual saliency degree. Based on the bag of visual words model, the feature similarity degree algorithm extracted the local features from public images of the camouflaged vehicles, clustered these features to form a visual word bag, and calculated the feature similarity degree by comparing the local features of the camouflaged vehicle with the visual word bag. Through experimental verification and analysis of the results, the method considering complex landform background characteristics, battlefield target reconnaissance processes, and different camouflage statuses of the vehicle could objectively obtain the camouflage effect value of vehicles, quantitatively determine the advantageous application environment of different camouflaged states, and provide data support for camouflaged state design and concealed area selection.