A Review of Various Antenna Design Methods for Ground Penetrating Radar

A detailed study on the design of antenna techniques equipped with Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) applications is done. Compact in size, wide bandwidth, and high gain are the antenna parameters to be considered for best penetration quality in GPR applications. Among the many existing antennae for these applications, a comparative study on five different design techniques is presented. The five different designs including Vivaldi Shape, Wide Slot, Wheel Shaped, Dual Notch, and Bowtie Shape are compared concerning physical dimensions and their performances which consists of operating frequency, S11, Gain, and Impedance Bandwidth. Among these five designs, the Vivaldi and wheel-shaped outperform the others concerning considered parameters. Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) is also highly preferred to enhance the gain and radiation efficiency of the antenna. The use of a Co-planar monopole antenna for GPR applications is also suggested.