Electric Vehicle Charging Station: Cyber Security Challenges and Perspective

The UK government has set a target to reach net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, and many other countries follow the same goal. In order to support the transition to net zero carbon future, Electric Vehicles (EV) can play a significant role. Providing a secure EV charging station is of high importance as the amount and type of data handled and transmitted via EV charging stations is growing and raising concerns both for the grid and consumers. The objective of this paper is to study the current landscape of EV charging stations in terms of cyber security, identify the cyber vulnerabilities, and present protocols and standards that can address cyber security challenges in such systems to provide a more secure charging infrastructure. Finally, this paper recommends the use of some security measures and techniques to mitigate cyber-attacks on EV charging infrastructure and alleviate the adverse impact of such attacks.