Mechanics, Dynamics, and Aesthetics Framework on Gamification at University

Gamification is a concept in which game elements are applied in a non-game environment. In this paper, we analyze the use of the concept of gamification in learning using the mechanics, dynamics, and aesthetic (MDA) framework. Using the literature between 2017 and 2020, the gamification model used at the university is detailed according to three categories of the MDA Framework. From this study, it was found that leaderboard and points are still the dominant game mechanics. The results of this study can be used as a basis for researchers to know the application model of gamification that has been implemented and the impact of the implementation of the model.

I. Introduction

The current learning model in which teaching is the center of learning is influenced by the needs of the era of the first and second industrial revolution, in which all workers have the same expertise in mass and repetitive production needs [1]. But when the third and fourth industrial revolution occurred, the need for work expertise changed and many new jobs were created. This raises doubts whether the educational world can continue this change. Today students will enter a new world that is interconnected and they should be able to collaborate with colleagues in other regions of the world, understand the culture and technology will be largely used for this collaboration[ 1].