Noise Immunity of Oscillatory Computing Devices

We compare oscillator- and level-based analog computing devices in a noisy environment. The computational model of a Hopfield network is implemented using both level- and phase-based signal representations, and these models are simulated assuming both $1/f$ and thermal noise. The oscillator-based computing architecture turns out to be more immune against $1/f$ noise and operates reliably at a significantly lower voltage and power levels than the level-based devices. We argue that these results point toward a fundamental benefit of oscillatory architectures and provide an important rationale for their research and utility.