Abstract:
To improve the SpO_2 sensing system performance for hypoperfusion (low perfusion index) applications, this paper proposes a low-noise light-to-frequency converter schem...Show MoreMetadata
Abstract:
To improve the SpO_2 sensing system performance for hypoperfusion (low perfusion index) applications, this paper proposes a low-noise light-to-frequency converter scheme from two aspects. First, a low-noise photocurrent buffer is proposed by reducing the amplifier noise floor with a transconductance-boost (g_{m}-boost) circuit structure. Second, a digital processing unit of pulse-frequency-duty-cycle modulation is proposed to minimize the quantization noise in the following timer by limiting the maximum output frequency. The proposed light-to-frequency sensor chip is designed and fabricated with a 0.35-\mum CMOS process. The overall chip area is 1 × 0.9 mm^2 and the typical total current consumption is about 1.8 mA from a 3.3-V power supply at room temperature. The measurement results prove the proposed functionality of output pulse duty cycle modulation, while the SNR of a typical 10-kHz output frequency is 59 dB with about 9-dB improvement when compared with the previous design. Among them, 2–3 dB SNR improvement stems from the gm-boosting and the rest comes from the layout design. In-system experimental results show that the minimum measurable PI using the proposed blood SpO_2 sensor could be as low as 0.06% with 2-percentage-point error of SpO_2. The proposed chip is suitable for portable low-power high-performance blood oximeter devices especially for hypoperfusion applications.
Published in: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems ( Volume: 14, Issue: 5, October 2020)
Funding Agency:
School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
Fang Tang (Senior Member IEEE) received the B.S. degree from Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China, in 2006, and the M.Phil and Ph.D degrees from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, in 2009 and 2013, respectively. He is currently the Distinguished Research Fellow with Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, the Associate Director with Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance In...Show More
Fang Tang (Senior Member IEEE) received the B.S. degree from Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China, in 2006, and the M.Phil and Ph.D degrees from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, in 2009 and 2013, respectively. He is currently the Distinguished Research Fellow with Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, the Associate Director with Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance In...View more
School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
Zhipeng Li received the B.Sc. degree from the College of Electrical Information Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Henan, China, in 2016. He is currently working toward the master's degree with Chongqing University, Chongqing, China. His current research interest focuses on mixed-signal integrated circuit design for biomedical sensor.
Zhipeng Li received the B.Sc. degree from the College of Electrical Information Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Henan, China, in 2016. He is currently working toward the master's degree with Chongqing University, Chongqing, China. His current research interest focuses on mixed-signal integrated circuit design for biomedical sensor.View more
School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
Tongbei Yang received the B.S. degree from the School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, in 2017, where he is currently working toward the Ph.D degree, directly from the B.S. degree. His current research interests are mixed-signal integrated circuits design and high frequency analog integrated circuits for telecommunications.
Tongbei Yang received the B.S. degree from the School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, in 2017, where he is currently working toward the Ph.D degree, directly from the B.S. degree. His current research interests are mixed-signal integrated circuits design and high frequency analog integrated circuits for telecommunications.View more
Guangdong Biolight Meditech Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China
Lai Zhang received the master's degree from the South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China, in 2007. From 2008, he has been a product manager with R & D department of Guangdong Biolight Meditech Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China, where he has engaged in research of monitoring parameters of vital signs, such as blood oxygen, electrocardiogram, blood pressure, and so on.
Lai Zhang received the master's degree from the South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China, in 2007. From 2008, he has been a product manager with R & D department of Guangdong Biolight Meditech Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China, where he has engaged in research of monitoring parameters of vital signs, such as blood oxygen, electrocardiogram, blood pressure, and so on.View more
School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
Ping Li received the Ph.D. degree from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, in 2018. In 2019, he joined Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, where his current research interests include power devices and their applications.
Ping Li received the Ph.D. degree from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, in 2018. In 2019, he joined Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, where his current research interests include power devices and their applications.View more
College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
Bo Wang (Member, IEEE) received the B. Eng. degree (with Hons.) in electrical engineering from Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou, China, in 2010, and the M.Phil. and Ph.D. degrees in electronic and computer engineering from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, in 2012 and 2015, respectively.
In 2015, he joined HKUST as a postdoctoral researcher and leaded the HKUST-MIT consortium project...Show More
Bo Wang (Member, IEEE) received the B. Eng. degree (with Hons.) in electrical engineering from Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou, China, in 2010, and the M.Phil. and Ph.D. degrees in electronic and computer engineering from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, in 2012 and 2015, respectively.
In 2015, he joined HKUST as a postdoctoral researcher and leaded the HKUST-MIT consortium project...View more
College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
Amine Bermak (Fellow IEEE) received the M.Eng. and Ph.D. degrees in electronic engineering from Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France in 1994 and 1998, respectively. He is currently a full Professor with the Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong. He is also the founder and the leader of the Smart Sensory Integrated Systems Research Lab...Show More
Amine Bermak (Fellow IEEE) received the M.Eng. and Ph.D. degrees in electronic engineering from Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France in 1994 and 1998, respectively. He is currently a full Professor with the Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong. He is also the founder and the leader of the Smart Sensory Integrated Systems Research Lab...View more
Contents School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
Fang Tang (Senior Member IEEE) received the B.S. degree from Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China, in 2006, and the M.Phil and Ph.D degrees from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, in 2009 and 2013, respectively. He is currently the Distinguished Research Fellow with Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, the Associate Director with Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits and leads the Smart Integrated Circuits and Systems Laboratory.
Fang Tang (Senior Member IEEE) received the B.S. degree from Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China, in 2006, and the M.Phil and Ph.D degrees from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, in 2009 and 2013, respectively. He is currently the Distinguished Research Fellow with Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, the Associate Director with Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits and leads the Smart Integrated Circuits and Systems Laboratory.View more
School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
Zhipeng Li received the B.Sc. degree from the College of Electrical Information Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Henan, China, in 2016. He is currently working toward the master's degree with Chongqing University, Chongqing, China. His current research interest focuses on mixed-signal integrated circuit design for biomedical sensor.
Zhipeng Li received the B.Sc. degree from the College of Electrical Information Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Henan, China, in 2016. He is currently working toward the master's degree with Chongqing University, Chongqing, China. His current research interest focuses on mixed-signal integrated circuit design for biomedical sensor.View more
School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
Tongbei Yang received the B.S. degree from the School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, in 2017, where he is currently working toward the Ph.D degree, directly from the B.S. degree. His current research interests are mixed-signal integrated circuits design and high frequency analog integrated circuits for telecommunications.
Tongbei Yang received the B.S. degree from the School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, in 2017, where he is currently working toward the Ph.D degree, directly from the B.S. degree. His current research interests are mixed-signal integrated circuits design and high frequency analog integrated circuits for telecommunications.View more
Guangdong Biolight Meditech Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China
Lai Zhang received the master's degree from the South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China, in 2007. From 2008, he has been a product manager with R & D department of Guangdong Biolight Meditech Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China, where he has engaged in research of monitoring parameters of vital signs, such as blood oxygen, electrocardiogram, blood pressure, and so on.
Lai Zhang received the master's degree from the South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China, in 2007. From 2008, he has been a product manager with R & D department of Guangdong Biolight Meditech Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China, where he has engaged in research of monitoring parameters of vital signs, such as blood oxygen, electrocardiogram, blood pressure, and so on.View more
School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Integrated Circuits, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
Ping Li received the Ph.D. degree from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, in 2018. In 2019, he joined Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, where his current research interests include power devices and their applications.
Ping Li received the Ph.D. degree from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, in 2018. In 2019, he joined Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, where his current research interests include power devices and their applications.View more
College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
Bo Wang (Member, IEEE) received the B. Eng. degree (with Hons.) in electrical engineering from Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou, China, in 2010, and the M.Phil. and Ph.D. degrees in electronic and computer engineering from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, in 2012 and 2015, respectively.
In 2015, he joined HKUST as a postdoctoral researcher and leaded the HKUST-MIT consortium project on wireless sensing node design for smart green building applications. Afterward, he was with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2016 on low-power data converter design for this project. In 2017, he joined Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, as a Founding Faculty, where is currently an Assistant Professor with the Division of Information and Computing Technology, College of Science and Engineering. His current research interests include energy-efficient analog mixed-signal circuits, sensor and sensor interface, and heterogeneous integrated systems for in vitro/vivo health monitoring. Dr. Wang was the recipient of the IEEE ASP-DAC Best Design Award in 2016.
Bo Wang (Member, IEEE) received the B. Eng. degree (with Hons.) in electrical engineering from Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou, China, in 2010, and the M.Phil. and Ph.D. degrees in electronic and computer engineering from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, in 2012 and 2015, respectively.
In 2015, he joined HKUST as a postdoctoral researcher and leaded the HKUST-MIT consortium project on wireless sensing node design for smart green building applications. Afterward, he was with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2016 on low-power data converter design for this project. In 2017, he joined Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, as a Founding Faculty, where is currently an Assistant Professor with the Division of Information and Computing Technology, College of Science and Engineering. His current research interests include energy-efficient analog mixed-signal circuits, sensor and sensor interface, and heterogeneous integrated systems for in vitro/vivo health monitoring. Dr. Wang was the recipient of the IEEE ASP-DAC Best Design Award in 2016.View more
College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
Amine Bermak (Fellow IEEE) received the M.Eng. and Ph.D. degrees in electronic engineering from Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France in 1994 and 1998, respectively. He is currently a full Professor with the Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong. He is also the founder and the leader of the Smart Sensory Integrated Systems Research Lab, HKUST. He was a member of the senate committee with HKUST.
Amine Bermak (Fellow IEEE) received the M.Eng. and Ph.D. degrees in electronic engineering from Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France in 1994 and 1998, respectively. He is currently a full Professor with the Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong. He is also the founder and the leader of the Smart Sensory Integrated Systems Research Lab, HKUST. He was a member of the senate committee with HKUST.View more
