Interference Geolocation in Satellite Communications Systems: An Overview

Satellite interference geolocation plays a critical role in addressing radio interference problems related to satellite communications systems. Traditional interference geolocation approaches are mainly based on time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) and frequency-difference-of-arrival (FDOA) measurements. However, since new technologies have appeared, such as the widespread use of high-frequency bands, spot beams, emerging large-scale low- Earth orbit satellite constellations, and onboard processing, traditional methods may be unsuitable for modern satellite communications. Currently, to overcome these challenges, new approaches, such as single-satellite geolocation, geolocation onboard, and geolocation using carrier identification (CID), have been investigated in the literature. In this article, we provide an overview of the principles of, and innovations involving, interference geolocation techniques in satellite communications. In addition, we present the fundamental constraints, key challenges, and future directions for performing geolocation.