Contents I. Introduction
The growth of energy consumption and environmental protection are two main trends that are forcing humanity to seek new sources of energy. Living organisms claim a key role in the replacement of fuel production resources that we currently use: coal, oil and gas. One of the promising sources of electricity can be cyanobacteria (blue-green algae), which can perform photosynthesis and can be used in the so-called biofuel elements (BFC). Moreover, in addition to generating electricity, microorganisms, such as cyanobacteria, can become a means for utilizing carbon dioxide and generating oxygen. Cyanobacteria (cyanoprokaryotes, cyanophytes, blue-green algae) are an ancient large group of microorganisms with a prokaryotic (bacterial) cell structure. A distinctive ability of cyanobacteria is the ability to perform photosynthesis [1]. CO2 is the only carbon source in photoautotrophic organisms, in contrast to the variety of organic compounds used by photoheterotrophs. In oxygen photosynthesis, electrons obtained from the photolysis of water produce oxygen. Cyanobacteria, algae, and plants are three groups of oxygen photoautotrophic organisms [2]. The appearance of oxygen photosynthesis in cyanobacteria led to an increase in oxygen on Earth ~ 2.3 billion years ago, profoundly changing the course of evolution [3].
