Design of Wide-band Dual-beam Leaky-wave Antenna using the Holographic Theory

This paper presents a design procedure for a wideband leaky wave antenna using the holography concept. The artificial surface impedance formed by hexagonal metallic patches patterns the effective impedance by variations of the size of hexagonal patches. The wide-band monopole launcher is utilized to produce TM₀ surface mode. Its wave function can be approximated by the Hankel function of the second kind. Two different types of planar holographic antenna designs are described. One has a single tilted main-lobe at the angle of 60 degrees, and the other has a dual-beam pattern towards symmetric directions with respect to the Z axis. Its achieved bandwidth is 40%. The beam scanning range is from 22 to 60 degrees. Simulations have been carried out by CST Microwave Studio and Ansys HFSS to verify the results.