Robust PID Controllers for Automatic Generation in Power System with Parametric Uncertainties

This paper demonstrates the design of a robust Proportional-Integral-Derivation (PID) controller, with parametric uncertainties, in a single area power system to solve automatic generation control (AGC) in order to achieve the optimal values of the PID controller. In automatic load frequency control system (ALFC), the governor parameter is load dependent; and in automatic voltage regulator system (AVR) the gain and time constant of the generator are load dependent. Hence, these parameter values do not remain constant due to the change in load. Therefore, to enhance the performance of both the AVR and ALFC loops we considered the effect of parametric variations by considering a variation of ± 10% in the values of the governor parameter in the ALFC loop; and gain and time constant of the generator in the AVR loop respectively. The system with designed controller can withstand the changes in different parameters caused by load variations, hence, the designed controller provides robustness to the system.