Abstract:
Increasing automation is a consistent development trend in the automobile industry. However, real-world evaluation of the operational and energy consumption differences b...Show MoreMetadata
Abstract:
Increasing automation is a consistent development trend in the automobile industry. However, real-world evaluation of the operational and energy consumption differences between automated vehicles and comparable manually driven vehicles has been limited. This study helps fill the information gap by comparing the operation and fuel economy of vehicles in adaptive cruise control (ACC) and non-ACC modes based on large-scale field test data collected by Volvo Car Corporation (Volvo Cars) from vehicles traveling on the designated "Drive Me" project road network in Gothenburg, Sweden. The test vehicles' travel data are classified by driving mode (ACC vs. non-ACC) and driving conditions, which refer to traffic speed and road grade in this study. The results from the data logging fleet are used to estimate the aggregate fuel consumption differences at the Drive Me road-network level for vehicles traveling in ACC vs. non-ACC mode based on appropriately weighting the total amount of travel that took place on the network under different driving conditions. At the ACC penetration levels observed in the field test data, vehicles tended to drive more smoothly in ACC mode than in non-ACC mode. The corresponding travel-weighted fuel consumption rate for vehicles in ACC mode was about 5%-7% lower than for vehicles in non-ACC mode when traveling at similar conditions. Sensitivity analyses impart confidence in this result, and in the future, the established evaluation framework could be used to objectively quantify potential on-road fuel consumption impacts from vehicles with even higher levels of automated driving capability.
Published in: IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine ( Volume: 11, Issue: 3, Fall 2019)
Funding Agency:
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA
Lei Zhu received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Dalian Maritime University and University of Science and Technology of China, in 2006 and 2009, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in Transportation Engineering from the University of Arizona, in 2014. He is a postdoctoral researcher at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). He has authored and co-authored 30 papers in peer-reviewed journa...Show More
Lei Zhu received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Dalian Maritime University and University of Science and Technology of China, in 2006 and 2009, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in Transportation Engineering from the University of Arizona, in 2014. He is a postdoctoral researcher at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). He has authored and co-authored 30 papers in peer-reviewed journa...View more
Volvo Car Corporation, Gothenburg, Sweden
Jeffrey Gonder received his B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Colorado in 2001 and his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Pennsylvania State University in 2003. He is a transportation researcher and manages the Mobility, Behavior & Advanced Powertrains Group at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). He also founded the Transportation Secure Data Center (TSDC) at NREL. His resea...Show More
Jeffrey Gonder received his B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Colorado in 2001 and his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Pennsylvania State University in 2003. He is a transportation researcher and manages the Mobility, Behavior & Advanced Powertrains Group at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). He also founded the Transportation Secure Data Center (TSDC) at NREL. His resea...View more
Volvo Car Corporation, Gothenburg, Sweden
Eric Bjärkvik received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden, in 2010 and 2012, respectively. He is currently working as a research engineer for Volvo Car Group investigating what impact autonomous vehicles could have on the environment. He has previously served as a simulation engineer within engine durability for Ford Motor Company in London, UK. H...Show More
Eric Bjärkvik received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden, in 2010 and 2012, respectively. He is currently working as a research engineer for Volvo Car Group investigating what impact autonomous vehicles could have on the environment. He has previously served as a simulation engineer within engine durability for Ford Motor Company in London, UK. H...View more
Volvo Car Corporation, Gothenburg, Sweden
Mitra Pourabdollah was born in 1984. She received her B.Eng. degree in Electrical Engineering from Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran in 2006, M.Sc. degree in Systems, Control, and Robotics from Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden in 2009, and Ph.D. degree in Automatic Control from Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg Sweden, in 2015. She is currently a researcher at Volvo Car Group. Her main focuses ar...Show More
Mitra Pourabdollah was born in 1984. She received her B.Eng. degree in Electrical Engineering from Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran in 2006, M.Sc. degree in Systems, Control, and Robotics from Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden in 2009, and Ph.D. degree in Automatic Control from Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg Sweden, in 2015. She is currently a researcher at Volvo Car Group. Her main focuses ar...View more
Volvo Car Corporation, Gothenburg, Sweden
Björn Lindenberg received his M.S. degree in Engineering physics from Technical University of Chalmers, Göteborg in 2006. He is a research engineer at Volvo Car Corporation in Sweden, where he acts as product owner for a small research team. His research interests include fuel economy and automated vehicles.
Björn Lindenberg received his M.S. degree in Engineering physics from Technical University of Chalmers, Göteborg in 2006. He is a research engineer at Volvo Car Corporation in Sweden, where he acts as product owner for a small research team. His research interests include fuel economy and automated vehicles.View more
Contents National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA
Lei Zhu received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Dalian Maritime University and University of Science and Technology of China, in 2006 and 2009, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in Transportation Engineering from the University of Arizona, in 2014. He is a postdoctoral researcher at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). He has authored and co-authored 30 papers in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings. His research focuses on the connected and automated vehicles, GPS/GIS, big data in transportation, and traffic network modeling and simulation.
Lei Zhu received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Dalian Maritime University and University of Science and Technology of China, in 2006 and 2009, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in Transportation Engineering from the University of Arizona, in 2014. He is a postdoctoral researcher at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). He has authored and co-authored 30 papers in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings. His research focuses on the connected and automated vehicles, GPS/GIS, big data in transportation, and traffic network modeling and simulation.View more
Volvo Car Corporation, Gothenburg, Sweden
Jeffrey Gonder received his B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Colorado in 2001 and his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Pennsylvania State University in 2003. He is a transportation researcher and manages the Mobility, Behavior & Advanced Powertrains Group at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). He also founded the Transportation Secure Data Center (TSDC) at NREL. His research interests include advanced powertrains, next-generation mobility systems, and the impacts of connected and automated vehicles on transportation energy and emissions.
Jeffrey Gonder received his B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Colorado in 2001 and his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Pennsylvania State University in 2003. He is a transportation researcher and manages the Mobility, Behavior & Advanced Powertrains Group at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). He also founded the Transportation Secure Data Center (TSDC) at NREL. His research interests include advanced powertrains, next-generation mobility systems, and the impacts of connected and automated vehicles on transportation energy and emissions.View more
Volvo Car Corporation, Gothenburg, Sweden
Eric Bjärkvik received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden, in 2010 and 2012, respectively. He is currently working as a research engineer for Volvo Car Group investigating what impact autonomous vehicles could have on the environment. He has previously served as a simulation engineer within engine durability for Ford Motor Company in London, UK. His research focus lies within traffic simulation, autonomous vehicles, real-world CO2 emissions from cars and big data analysis.
Eric Bjärkvik received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden, in 2010 and 2012, respectively. He is currently working as a research engineer for Volvo Car Group investigating what impact autonomous vehicles could have on the environment. He has previously served as a simulation engineer within engine durability for Ford Motor Company in London, UK. His research focus lies within traffic simulation, autonomous vehicles, real-world CO2 emissions from cars and big data analysis.View more
Volvo Car Corporation, Gothenburg, Sweden
Mitra Pourabdollah was born in 1984. She received her B.Eng. degree in Electrical Engineering from Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran in 2006, M.Sc. degree in Systems, Control, and Robotics from Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden in 2009, and Ph.D. degree in Automatic Control from Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg Sweden, in 2015. She is currently a researcher at Volvo Car Group. Her main focuses are the application of optimization and control in automotive and traffic area.
Mitra Pourabdollah was born in 1984. She received her B.Eng. degree in Electrical Engineering from Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran in 2006, M.Sc. degree in Systems, Control, and Robotics from Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden in 2009, and Ph.D. degree in Automatic Control from Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg Sweden, in 2015. She is currently a researcher at Volvo Car Group. Her main focuses are the application of optimization and control in automotive and traffic area.View more
Volvo Car Corporation, Gothenburg, Sweden
Björn Lindenberg received his M.S. degree in Engineering physics from Technical University of Chalmers, Göteborg in 2006. He is a research engineer at Volvo Car Corporation in Sweden, where he acts as product owner for a small research team. His research interests include fuel economy and automated vehicles.
Björn Lindenberg received his M.S. degree in Engineering physics from Technical University of Chalmers, Göteborg in 2006. He is a research engineer at Volvo Car Corporation in Sweden, where he acts as product owner for a small research team. His research interests include fuel economy and automated vehicles.View more
