Improving the Restorability of Bulk Power Systems With the Implementation of a WF-BESS System

This paper proposes a restorability improvement strategy to accelerate system restoration through the implementation of a wind farm-battery energy storage system (WF-BESS) system. The concept of restorability is introduced and a restorability improvement model (RIM) is proposed and formulated as a mixed integer linear programming problem. To simulate the cylinder temperature drop during outages, the cranking time of a unit is modeled as a stepwise function of its startup time in the RIM. The WF might fail to meet its scheduled generation outputs optimized by the RIM due to the intermittency of wind. To tackle this problem, a linearized control strategy for the BESS (CSBESS) is proposed to minimize the difference between the scheduled wind power outputs and the combined power of the WF-BESS system. An iterative method is employed to efficiently solve the RIM and CSBESS by introducing optimality cuts. An actual power system case is employed to illustrate the effective performance of the proposed approach.