Application of PSO-based fuzzy PI controller in multi-area AGC system after deregulation

Fuzzy PI controllers based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) are proposed for four-area interconnected automatic generation control (AGC) system in deregulate environment in this paper. Two kinds of obvious nonlinearities, valve position limits and generation rate constraint (GRC), were concerned. Fuzzy control rules are determined through approved PSO algorithm which avoids falling in local optimum by setting variable inertia weight and learning factors. Distribution company (DISCO) participation matrix (DPM) is introduced to simulate the bilateral contracts. Simulation results show that the proposed approach achieves better dynamic performance compared with conventional proportional and integral (PI) controller in four-area reheat thermal and hydro AGC system.