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Predictive Control of Voltage and Current in a Fuel Cell–Ultracapacitor Hybrid | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
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Journals & Magazines >IEEE Transactions on Industri... >Volume: 57 Issue: 6

Predictive Control of Voltage and Current in a Fuel Cell–Ultracapacitor Hybrid

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Wes Greenwell; Ardalan Vahidi
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Abstract:

This paper presents a system integration and control strategy for managing power transients on a Nexa polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (FC) with the assistance of a...Show More

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Abstract:

This paper presents a system integration and control strategy for managing power transients on a Nexa polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (FC) with the assistance of an ultracapacitor (UC) module. The two degrees of freedom provided by the use of two dc/dc converters enable the independent low-level control of dc bus voltage and the current split between the FC and UC. The supervisory-level control objectives are to respond to rapid variations in load while minimizing damaging fluctuations in FC current and maintaining the UC charge (or voltage) within allowable bounds. The use of a model predictive control approach which optimally balances the distribution of power between the FC and UC while satisfying the constraints is shown to be an effective method for meeting the supervisory-level objectives. The results are confirmed in experiments.
Published in: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics ( Volume: 57, Issue: 6, June 2010)
Page(s): 1954 - 1963
Date of Publication: 18 September 2009

ISSN Information:

DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2009.2031663
Citations are not available for this document.
Contents

I. Introduction

A fuel cell (FC)–ultracapacitor (UC) hybrid combines the high energy density of hydrogen FC with the high power density of UC, resulting in a system with improved performance and reduced size [1], [2]. Due to the limited response rate of its reactant supply, a proton exchange membrane FC is limited in following fast transients in power demand [3], [4]. Supplementing the FC with an energy storage device, which can provide the needed power during quick power transients, results in an improved load-following capability. Moreover, the lifetime of the FC stack is improved by reducing the large transients that the stack must provide [5]–[7]. In such a hybrid system, the FC can be sized to meet the expected power demand at steady state [8], [9], and the energy storage device is sized to buffer the power transients.

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