Machine Learning-Based Approach to Predict Liver Disease Using an Imbalanced Dataset

Liver Disease describes a condition that damages the liver and can cause issues with its ability to operate. Liver disease affects an enormous percentage of people globally and it is currently one of the most common causes of death. It is important to diagnose liver disease as soon as possible in order to save human life and implement the necessary control measures. In this study, the emphasis lies on data pre-processing and feature extraction leading to improved performance for any machine learning classifier to predict liver disease. An array of Machine Learning models and ensemble approaches were assessed in the proposed system. Based on the outcomes from the study, it can be concluded that the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) classifier perform better than the remaining models. It achieved 83.74% accuracy, 78% precision, 85% recall, 81% F1-score, and 90.3% AUC after utilizing the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE).

I. Introduction

Liver is the largest and powerful organ that performs hundreds of essential functions in our body. It helps in the removal of toxins, energy storage, and the digestion of food. It is a major multitasker. Situated close to the diaphragm in the right upper quadrant of the abdominal cavity, this triangular organ has a reddened-brow appearance.It weighs around 1.6 kg (3.5 pounds) on average and has 500 processes, both on its own and in relation to other bodily systems. Positioned on the right side of the body, the bigger mass of the liver, referred to as the right lobe, descends towards the right kidney. In the meantime, the abdomen is close to the location of the narrower left lobe. The liver portal vein and the liver artery are the main sources of the kidney’s plentiful supply of blood. The hepatic veins known as portals supply nutrient-rich blood from the spleen and the digestive tract, which includes the stomach, intestine, andcolon. The hepatic artery receives blood that has been enhanced with oxygen by the heart as it beats. Strengthening the body’s immune system, metabolism, digestion, and nutrition preservation are all made possible by the function of kidneys. The liver is a vital component of the body because without it, the body’s tissues run the risk of dying from a lack of nutrients and energy. Hepatic or liver illnesses encompass a wide range of conditions damaging the liver. These disorders are referred to as chronic Uver disease (LD) because they typically continue for a long time. It’s intriguing to note that liver illnesses frequently have similar symptoms notwithstanding their specific variances.