A Novel Angular Error Measuring Method for Translational Axis of Machine Tools With High Accuracy and Efficiency

Geometric error significantly influences the performance and manufacturing quality of machine tools, especially in high-precision applications. The measurement of geometric error is essential, as it directly influences the accuracy and effectiveness of subsequent error compensation strategies. This study addresses the limitations of conventional methods for measuring angular error in the translational axis, which are often characterized by high complexity, elevated costs, and lengthy measurement times. Existing indirect measurement techniques, while promising, are constrained by algorithmic intricacies and limited adaptability in industrial settings. To overcome these challenges, this article presents a novel measuring method based on the dual normal vector (DNV) approach, specifically designed for complex feed systems with multiple angular error components. The experimental validation is performed on a newly developed dual-lead (DL)-dual-head machine tool system, comparing the proposed method with existing direct and indirect techniques. The results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances the accuracy and efficiency of angular error evaluation for the translational axis. Additionally, compensation experiments verify the reliability and industrial applicability of the DNV measurement technique, highlighting its potential to advance high-precision manufacturing technologies.

I. Introduction

Geometric error is a critical factor affecting the performance and quality of machine tools, with significant implications for machining accuracy and productivity [1]. While linear geometric error components, associated with translational deviations, are relatively straightforward to measure and compensate, angular geometric error components—arising from orientation deviations—are more challenging due to their stringent accuracy requirements and the complexity of measurement processes.