Modeling a LoRaWAN Energy Consumption via Field Trial

This paper proposes a scheme to model the energy consumption of a long range wide area network (LoRaWAN) node based on the results of outdoor field experiments by considering regional smart agriculture as a use case for IoT. In particular, we derive an experimental approximation formula to estimate the battery lifetime of a LoRaWAN node by introducing parameters such as the spread factor and payload length. The validity of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by confirming that the results obtained using the approximate formula Concur with the experimental and theoretical results, regardless of the node state and spread factor. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the proposed approximate formula can be used to identify the current consumption value in the sleep state that must be achieved to achieve the desired battery lifetime. Finally, we evaluate energy efficiency performance using the proposed approximate formula and show the validity of the results.