Abstract:
In this article, a novel approach is proposed to address sensors’ significant challenges by introducing a portable planar microstrip sensor based on a dual-bandpass filte...Show MoreMetadata
Abstract:
In this article, a novel approach is proposed to address sensors’ significant challenges by introducing a portable planar microstrip sensor based on a dual-bandpass filter (BPF). This sensor is designed specifically for permittivity measurement of water-ethanol solution and offers high sensitivity, low cost, and reusability while minimizing the environmental unwanted effects. The proposed sensor consists of a microstrip line structure with two crescent arms as host, and an innovative sensing area is coupled to it. The sensing mechanism relies on the manipulation of the transmission resonance frequency. Notably, this configuration exhibits two transmission poles (TPs) in the transmission coefficients at specific frequencies, namely, 1.6 and 4.48 GHz. The second TP is particularly sensitive to changes in ethanol concentration (EC) and ambient variations too. On the other hand, the first TP remains unaffected by variations in the sample under test (SUT). To validate the effectiveness of the proposed sensor, a prototype was fabricated on RO4003C dielectric substrate, and subjected to rigorous testing using various ECs in deionized water. The prototype sensor boasts high sensitivity and compact size of 8\times 7.2\times 0.508 mm, which is advantageous for practical applications where space constraints are a concern.
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal ( Volume: 25, Issue: 7, 01 April 2025)

Department of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Aref Rasoulzadeh received the B.Sc. degree in electrical and electronics engineering from the University College of Science and Technology, Urmia, Iran, in 2020, and the M.Sc. degree in telecommunications engineering from the Islamic Azad University of Urmia, Urmia, in 2022. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with Urmia University, Urmia.
His research interests include microwave components, microstrip sensors, anten...Show More
Aref Rasoulzadeh received the B.Sc. degree in electrical and electronics engineering from the University College of Science and Technology, Urmia, Iran, in 2020, and the M.Sc. degree in telecommunications engineering from the Islamic Azad University of Urmia, Urmia, in 2022. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with Urmia University, Urmia.
His research interests include microwave components, microstrip sensors, anten...View more

Department of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Changiz Ghobadi received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering and the M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering telecommunication from Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran, in 1985 and 1987, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical telecommunication from the University of Bath, Bath, U.K., in 1998.
He is currently a Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran...Show More
Changiz Ghobadi received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering and the M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering telecommunication from Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran, in 1985 and 1987, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical telecommunication from the University of Bath, Bath, U.K., in 1998.
He is currently a Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran...View more

Department of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Javad Nourinia (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Sc. degree in electrical and electronic engineering from Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, in 1992, the M.Sc. degree in electrical and telecommunication engineering from Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran, in 1995, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical and telecommunication from the University of Science and Technology, Tehran, in 2000.
He was the ...Show More
Javad Nourinia (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Sc. degree in electrical and electronic engineering from Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, in 1992, the M.Sc. degree in electrical and telecommunication engineering from Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran, in 1995, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical and telecommunication from the University of Science and Technology, Tehran, in 2000.
He was the ...View more

Department of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Aref Rasoulzadeh received the B.Sc. degree in electrical and electronics engineering from the University College of Science and Technology, Urmia, Iran, in 2020, and the M.Sc. degree in telecommunications engineering from the Islamic Azad University of Urmia, Urmia, in 2022. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with Urmia University, Urmia.
His research interests include microwave components, microstrip sensors, antennas, digital video broadcasting-terrestrial (DVBT), and digital video broadcasting-satellite (DVBS).
Aref Rasoulzadeh received the B.Sc. degree in electrical and electronics engineering from the University College of Science and Technology, Urmia, Iran, in 2020, and the M.Sc. degree in telecommunications engineering from the Islamic Azad University of Urmia, Urmia, in 2022. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with Urmia University, Urmia.
His research interests include microwave components, microstrip sensors, antennas, digital video broadcasting-terrestrial (DVBT), and digital video broadcasting-satellite (DVBS).View more

Department of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Changiz Ghobadi received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering and the M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering telecommunication from Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran, in 1985 and 1987, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical telecommunication from the University of Bath, Bath, U.K., in 1998.
He is currently a Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. He has supervised and administered more than 130 M.Sc. and 32 Ph.D. students and their thesis. He has been included in the top one percent of the world’s scientists and academics according to Thomson Reuters’ list in 2017, 2020, and 2022. He has authored and co-authored more than 360 scientific publications, including accredited journals and conferences. His articles have been cited more than 5750 times. His current research interests include antenna design, radar, and adaptive filters.
Changiz Ghobadi received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering and the M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering telecommunication from Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran, in 1985 and 1987, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical telecommunication from the University of Bath, Bath, U.K., in 1998.
He is currently a Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. He has supervised and administered more than 130 M.Sc. and 32 Ph.D. students and their thesis. He has been included in the top one percent of the world’s scientists and academics according to Thomson Reuters’ list in 2017, 2020, and 2022. He has authored and co-authored more than 360 scientific publications, including accredited journals and conferences. His articles have been cited more than 5750 times. His current research interests include antenna design, radar, and adaptive filters.View more

Department of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Javad Nourinia (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Sc. degree in electrical and electronic engineering from Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, in 1992, the M.Sc. degree in electrical and telecommunication engineering from Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran, in 1995, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical and telecommunication from the University of Science and Technology, Tehran, in 2000.
He was the Head of the Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, from 2013 to 2017. He is a Distinguished Professor with Urmia University. He has been included in the top one percent of the world’s scientists and academics according to Thomson Reuters’ list since 2016. His current research interests include small antennas, filters, MIMO antennas, periodic structures, optimization, and measurement.
Javad Nourinia (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Sc. degree in electrical and electronic engineering from Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, in 1992, the M.Sc. degree in electrical and telecommunication engineering from Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran, in 1995, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical and telecommunication from the University of Science and Technology, Tehran, in 2000.
He was the Head of the Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, from 2013 to 2017. He is a Distinguished Professor with Urmia University. He has been included in the top one percent of the world’s scientists and academics according to Thomson Reuters’ list since 2016. His current research interests include small antennas, filters, MIMO antennas, periodic structures, optimization, and measurement.View more