I. Introduction
With the advancement of UAV technology, the use of industry-grade drones for engineering surveying has been widely adopted in the field of engineering measurement. UAVs offer advantages such as low data collection costs, simple operation, high safety, and comprehensive data coverage, and are frequently used for surveying and excavation tasks[1]. Compared to traditional ground surveying, UAV photogrammetry is more efficient, flexible, and cost-effective, making it particularly suitable for quickly collecting data over large areas and complex terrains. Utilizing UAV aerial surveys to collect and process point cloud data has become an inevitable trend. Tailings dams, which are constructed by compacting tailings, are critical to the safety of the surrounding environment, including people's lives, property, and the natural environment. Therefore, ensuring the safety of tailings dams through monitoring is of great significance.