Simulation and realization of an original multi-band patch antenna and Analysis on SAR for Human Eye Model

Multiband patch antennas play a crucial role in modern wireless networks and systems. Their flat design, ease of integration, tiny size, and frequency adaptability make them ideal for a variety of applications, such as automotive systems, industrial equipment, and consumer electronics. [2] Due to the potential health dangers associated with electromagnetic radiation, a great deal of research and experimentation has gone into designing miniature patch antennas that reduce health risks. In this work, the effects of electromagnetic radiation on a human eye model exposed to a multi-band microstrip antenna-which operates at five different frequency bands are examined. The antenna operates at 1800 MHz, 2100 MHz, 2600 MHz, and 3600 MHz. A microstrip multiband patch antenna's design and simulation are shown, with an emphasis on features like gain, return loss, radiation pattern, and VSWR. A FR4_epoxy substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 is used in the radiating patch [1]. Based on the dosimetry trials, the SAR values are all below the upper limits of 1.6 W/Kg on average for 1 g of tissue. [4] [8] The Ansoft HFSS program is used to determine the antenna's performance as well as the SAR fluctuations. The recommended investigation proved that the antenna functioned well and produced satisfactory results for each frequency.