Modeling HTS Coils With Different Coupling Scenarios via Integral Method

High-temperature superconducting tapes can be stacked together to form cables which are then wound into coils for potential use in electrical machines. The tapes in the cable can either be uncoupled (insulated from each other), coupled at ends (coupled at the terminals of the cable), or fully coupled (electrically connected with each other along the whole length of the cable). The integral method can readily model the uncoupled scenario, and this article extends the integral method to model the coupled-at-ends and fully coupled scenarios. We find that the proposed method has a time advantage over the well-established T–A formulation of Maxwell's equations.