Performance Analysis of UAV-Aided THz-based 6G Networks: A Stochastic Geometry Approach

The future of wireless communication networks relies on its ability to offer extremely high data rates of the order of Tera-bits-per-second (Tbps) to serve the demand of ultra-low latency applications such as autonomous vehicles and the Industry Internet of Things (IIoT). In this context, the fifth generation (5 G) capacity is limited, and requires additional spectrum exploration at higher frequency ranges, potentially including sub-terahertz (sub- THz). However, the use of terahertz (THz) frequency requires dominant line of sight (LoS) connectivity, due to its sensitivity to blockages, path loss and molecular absorption. To circumvent the problems associated with THz transmissions, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) as aerial base station, can offer significant advantage to provide non-line-of-sight (nLoS) coverage. However, this introduces an additional degree of freedom in terms of network modelling, where we now have a three-dimensional (3D) deployment model. In fact, the number of UAVs and their 3D positioning in space influences the quality of service (QoS). This paper investigates the 3D network’s optimal coverage probability in terms of the variable UAV’s height, ground distance from the UAV to user terminal (UT) and path elevation angle $\theta$; and proposes a new 3D channel model delivering enhanced coverage and quality of service (QoS) for various signal-to-interference-noise-ratio (SINR) thresholds.