Time-Domain-Clustering Based Dynamic Channel Emulation for Millimeter-Wave MIMO Over-the-Air Testing

This article presents a novel methodology to emulate dynamic channels within the multi-probe anechoic chamber (MPAC) framework for over-the-air (OTA) testing. The approach integrates time-domain clustering and multi-objective optimization algorithms to emulate dynamic channels precisely. Simulations and experimental validation have been provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, where power-angular-spectrum (PAS) similarity percentage (PSP) values surpassing 87% can be consistently achieved. The time-domain clustering and probe selection technique significantly contribute to the reduction of emulation complexity by compressing both temporal and spatial domains of the channel. Consequently, this strategy enhances the feasibility of system performance testing in dynamic propagation scenarios within the MPAC and offers a novel framework for the emulation of dynamic channels in MPAC OTA testing.

I. Introduction

Mobile communications have profoundly transformed diverse aspects of human life, evolving at an approximate generational pace every decade. The advent of the fifth generation of mobile technologies (5G) marks a significant advancement by extending working frequencies into the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band. The introduction of the 92–300 GHz frequency range [sub-terahertz (THz)] is expected to play a significant role in the wider and deeper adoption of mmWave technology in the sixth generation of mobile technologies (6G) [1], [2].