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A Low-Profile and High-Gain Antenna With Bidirectional Beams Enabled by Integrating Folded Transmitarray and Fabry–Perot Cavity | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore

A Low-Profile and High-Gain Antenna With Bidirectional Beams Enabled by Integrating Folded Transmitarray and Fabry–Perot Cavity


Abstract:

A millimeter-wave (mm-wave) high-gain antenna with bidirectional radiation is proposed in this article. It is the first attempt to combine a folded transmitarray (FTA) an...Show More

Abstract:

A millimeter-wave (mm-wave) high-gain antenna with bidirectional radiation is proposed in this article. It is the first attempt to combine a folded transmitarray (FTA) and a Fabry-Perot cavity (FPC) antenna to achieve bidirectional beams. By using this method, bidirectional radiation can be achieved while keeping a relative low profile when compared to traditional TA antennas. The proposed antenna consists of a dual-polarized (DP) feeding source, a single-layered partially reflective surface (PRS), and a bottom metasurface. By adding metal grids on the bottom surface of the PRS, it can partially reflect the x-polarized electromagnetic (EM) wave and fully reflect the y-polarized EM wave simultaneously. The bottom metasurface can also reflect x-polarized EM wave and transmit y-polarized EM wave. Hence, for the DP feeding source, when the x-polarized wave is generated, forward radiation is realized by FPC effect. When the y-polarized wave is generated, the backward radiation characteristic is achieved due to the FTA function. For validation, a prototype with a center frequency of 35 GHz is designed, fabricated, and measured. The proposed antenna can achieve 18 and 21 dBi in the bidirectional directions, respectively. The proposed design is a candidate for mm-wave long-distance wireless systems that require low profile and high communication flexibility.
Published in: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation ( Volume: 72, Issue: 8, August 2024)
Page(s): 6209 - 6218
Date of Publication: 05 June 2024

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I. Introduction

Nowadays, due to the abundant spectrum resources, high data transmission rate, and compact size, millimeter wave (mm-wave) bands will be widely used in the fifth-generation (5G) and beyond 5G communication systems [1], [2], [3]. In order to overcome the high transmission loss problem, mm-wave high-gain antennas have attracted significant attention and extensive research [4], [5], [6] in the past few years. Traditional high-gain antennas such as phase array antenna, reflectarray (RA) [7], [8], [9], transmitarray (TA) [10], [11], [12], and Fabry-Perot cavity (FPC) antenna [13], [14], [15] are widely investigated. Although phase array antenna can achieve directive radiation to compensate for atmospheric attenuation, it utilizes a large number of elements and a complex feeding network, which increases manufacturing complexity, additional loss, and costs [16]. The RA and TA with relative low cost, flat structure, and lightweight characteristics attract growing interests. However, feed blockage [17] and high profile [18] (including the feeding source) limit the application of them. Recently, folded transmitarray (FTA) following the ray tracing principle has been proposed, which can reduce the height to one-third or more [19], [20], [21] than a classical TA. Hence, FTA can also be widely used for future communication systems with low-profile and high-gain performances [22].

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References

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