I. Introduction
As the evolution of the network has become increasingly complex, improving the level of autonomous networks and reducing human intervention will be an inevitable trend. ESTI [6]–[8] and lTU [3]–[5] explore the use of artificial intelligence technology to achieve agile and efficient network management. ESTI GS ZSM 006 [1] mentions that Zero-touch network and Service Management (ZSM) is defined as enabling network and service management in an automated way, ideally with 100 % automation, which is expected to transform the way telecommunication networks and services are managed. Moreover, autonomous networks introduced by TMF [2], which are defined as providing zero-wait, zero-touch, and zero-trouble customer experience for vertical industry users and consumers through intelligent infrastructure, agile operations, and all-inclusive services of fully automated networks and ICT, have the same goal as ESTI. The PSR model introduced by TMF [9]–[12] is also one of the means of automation mentioned in ESTI GS ZSM 006 [1].