Abstract:
The flexible-position multiple-input multiple-output (FLP-MIMO) - used in, for example, fluid antennas and movable antennas - is a promising technology for future wireles...Show MoreMetadata
Abstract:
The flexible-position multiple-input multiple-output (FLP-MIMO) - used in, for example, fluid antennas and movable antennas - is a promising technology for future wireless communications. This is due to the fact that the positions of antennas at the transceiver and reflector can be dynamically optimized using FLP-MIMO to achieve better channel conditions and, as such, can provide high spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) gains with fewer antennas. In this article, we introduce the fundamentals of FLP-MIMO systems, including hardware design, structure design, and potential applications. We shall demonstrate that FLP-MIMO, using fewer flexible antennas, can match the channel hardening achieved by a large number of fixed antennas. We will then analyze the SE-EE relationship for FLP-MIMO and fixed-position MIMO. Furthermore, we will design the optimal trajectory of flexible antennas to maximize system sum SE or total EE at a fixed travel distance of each antenna. Finally, several important research directions regarding FLP-MIMO communications are presented to facilitate further investigation.
Published in: IEEE Wireless Communications ( Volume: 31, Issue: 5, October 2024)
Funding Agency:
Jiakang Zheng (jiakangzheng@bjtu.edu.cn) is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree at the School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China. His research interests include cell-free massive MIMO and performance analysis of wireless systems.
Jiakang Zheng (jiakangzheng@bjtu.edu.cn) is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree at the School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China. His research interests include cell-free massive MIMO and performance analysis of wireless systems.View more
Beijing Jiaotong University, China
Jiayi Zhang [SM'20] (jiayizhang@bjtu.edu.cn) is a professor with the School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China. His research interests include cell-free massive MIMO and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces.
Jiayi Zhang [SM'20] (jiayizhang@bjtu.edu.cn) is a professor with the School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China. His research interests include cell-free massive MIMO and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces.View more
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Hongyang Du (hongyang001@e.ntu.edu.sg) is currently pursuing the Ph.D degree at the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. His research interests include semantic communications, resource allocation, and communication theory.
Hongyang Du (hongyang001@e.ntu.edu.sg) is currently pursuing the Ph.D degree at the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. His research interests include semantic communications, resource allocation, and communication theory.View more
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Dusit Niyato [F'17] (dniyato@ntu.edu.sg) is a professor with the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. His research interests are in the areas of the Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning, and incentive mechanism design.
Dusit Niyato [F'17] (dniyato@ntu.edu.sg) is a professor with the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. His research interests are in the areas of the Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning, and incentive mechanism design.View more
Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
Sumei Sun [F'16] (sunsm@i2r.a-star.edu.sg) is a principal scientist, Deputy Executive Director (Research), and Head of the Communications and Networks Department at the Institute for Infocomm Research (12R), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore. She also holds a joint appointment with Singapore Institute of Technology and an adjunct appointment with the National University of Singapore, both as...Show More
Sumei Sun [F'16] (sunsm@i2r.a-star.edu.sg) is a principal scientist, Deputy Executive Director (Research), and Head of the Communications and Networks Department at the Institute for Infocomm Research (12R), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore. She also holds a joint appointment with Singapore Institute of Technology and an adjunct appointment with the National University of Singapore, both as...View more
Beijing Jiaotong University, China
Bo Ai [f'22] (boai@bjtu.edu.cn) is a professor with the State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China. His research interests include rail traffic mobile communications and channel modeling.
Bo Ai [f'22] (boai@bjtu.edu.cn) is a professor with the State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China. His research interests include rail traffic mobile communications and channel modeling.View more
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, China
Khaled B. Letaief [F'03] (eekhaled@ust.hk) has been with HKUST since 1993 where he was the Dean of Engineering, and is now a Chair Professor and the New Bright Professor of Engineering. From 2015 to 2018, he was with HBKU in Qatar as Provost. He is an ISI Highly Cited Researcher. He has served in many IEEE leadership positions including ComSoc President, Vice-President for Technical Activities, and Vice-President for Conf...Show More
Khaled B. Letaief [F'03] (eekhaled@ust.hk) has been with HKUST since 1993 where he was the Dean of Engineering, and is now a Chair Professor and the New Bright Professor of Engineering. From 2015 to 2018, he was with HBKU in Qatar as Provost. He is an ISI Highly Cited Researcher. He has served in many IEEE leadership positions including ComSoc President, Vice-President for Technical Activities, and Vice-President for Conf...View more
Contents Jiakang Zheng (jiakangzheng@bjtu.edu.cn) is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree at the School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China. His research interests include cell-free massive MIMO and performance analysis of wireless systems.
Jiakang Zheng (jiakangzheng@bjtu.edu.cn) is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree at the School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China. His research interests include cell-free massive MIMO and performance analysis of wireless systems.View more
Beijing Jiaotong University, China
Jiayi Zhang [SM'20] (jiayizhang@bjtu.edu.cn) is a professor with the School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China. His research interests include cell-free massive MIMO and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces.
Jiayi Zhang [SM'20] (jiayizhang@bjtu.edu.cn) is a professor with the School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China. His research interests include cell-free massive MIMO and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces.View more
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Hongyang Du (hongyang001@e.ntu.edu.sg) is currently pursuing the Ph.D degree at the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. His research interests include semantic communications, resource allocation, and communication theory.
Hongyang Du (hongyang001@e.ntu.edu.sg) is currently pursuing the Ph.D degree at the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. His research interests include semantic communications, resource allocation, and communication theory.View more
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Dusit Niyato [F'17] (dniyato@ntu.edu.sg) is a professor with the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. His research interests are in the areas of the Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning, and incentive mechanism design.
Dusit Niyato [F'17] (dniyato@ntu.edu.sg) is a professor with the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. His research interests are in the areas of the Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning, and incentive mechanism design.View more
Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
Sumei Sun [F'16] (sunsm@i2r.a-star.edu.sg) is a principal scientist, Deputy Executive Director (Research), and Head of the Communications and Networks Department at the Institute for Infocomm Research (12R), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore. She also holds a joint appointment with Singapore Institute of Technology and an adjunct appointment with the National University of Singapore, both as a full professor.
Sumei Sun [F'16] (sunsm@i2r.a-star.edu.sg) is a principal scientist, Deputy Executive Director (Research), and Head of the Communications and Networks Department at the Institute for Infocomm Research (12R), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore. She also holds a joint appointment with Singapore Institute of Technology and an adjunct appointment with the National University of Singapore, both as a full professor.View more
Beijing Jiaotong University, China
Bo Ai [f'22] (boai@bjtu.edu.cn) is a professor with the State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China. His research interests include rail traffic mobile communications and channel modeling.
Bo Ai [f'22] (boai@bjtu.edu.cn) is a professor with the State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China. His research interests include rail traffic mobile communications and channel modeling.View more
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, China
Khaled B. Letaief [F'03] (eekhaled@ust.hk) has been with HKUST since 1993 where he was the Dean of Engineering, and is now a Chair Professor and the New Bright Professor of Engineering. From 2015 to 2018, he was with HBKU in Qatar as Provost. He is an ISI Highly Cited Researcher. He has served in many IEEE leadership positions including ComSoc President, Vice-President for Technical Activities, and Vice-President for Conferences.
Khaled B. Letaief [F'03] (eekhaled@ust.hk) has been with HKUST since 1993 where he was the Dean of Engineering, and is now a Chair Professor and the New Bright Professor of Engineering. From 2015 to 2018, he was with HBKU in Qatar as Provost. He is an ISI Highly Cited Researcher. He has served in many IEEE leadership positions including ComSoc President, Vice-President for Technical Activities, and Vice-President for Conferences.View more
