Contents I. Introduction
The rapid advancement of digital technology, high-speed internet, cloud technology, and online social media have all contributed to significant changes in consumer behavior. These developments have coincided with an economic crisis, leading to economic weakening, increased unemployment rates, and reduced consumer trust. These factors have played a crucial role in driving the emergence of the sharing economy [1, 2]. In contrast to traditional businesses that emphasize the growth of a solo venture and the ownership of assets, the sharing economy focuses on collaboration, cooperation, and interaction. It prioritizes temporary access to resources rather than permanent ownership [3, 4]. Therefore, the sharing economy has led to the emergence of goods and services that can meet the needs of modern consumers, emphasizing value for investment rather than ownership. These consumers are less inclined to purchase assets for ownership but instead prefer to borrow or exchange them based on demand. The sharing economy facilitates the utilization of underutilized or idle resources through peer-to-peer (P2P) sharing platforms on the internet. These resources, which can include assets, knowledge, and experiences, are exchanged, and used collectively. The exchange takes the form of “time,” which serves as a unit of value exchange. An example of such a platform is TimeRepublik, which offers services such as cleaning, tutoring, and childcare. Popular and rapidly growing examples of the sharing economy include Airbnb, a provider of accommodation services, Uber and Grab, providers of transport services, as well as Netflix, a content provider.
