Efficiency and Effectiveness of Water Sprinkler Usage in Balinese Agriculture

As an agricultural country, Indonesia has quite extensive agricultural land so the majority of its population makes a living as farmers. Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics explains in its report that as of August 2022, 28.6% of the Indonesian population works in the agriculture, forestry, and fishery sectors. The agricultural industry itself has several subsectors, one of which is the horticulture subsector. This subsector is quite popular with farmers because it has crops that are in great demand by consumers and have relatively profitable selling prices. Agriculture in Bali, Indonesia, especially the Sari Karya Tani Group, has complaints about weather factors that affect water availability. Bali is known as an area that has hot and humid weather, which makes farmers complain because they have to prepare an additional budget to buy water and pay for labor to water the plants. After all, horticultural plants require a stable level of soil moisture for the plants’ growth. To solve this problem, the farmers of the Sari Karya Tani Group want to implement a set of plant watering tools (water sprinklers), equipped with IoT devices for monitoring purposes. This sprinkler watering device is capable of shooting water upwards to form rain with a range of 3 to 25 meters, providing 300 liters of water per minute, which can penetrate the ground for 5 to 10 cm deep with 1 hour of watering. The IoT sub-system measures the environment to switched on the water sprinkler.