Integrating Hydrogen as an Energy Storage for Renewable Energy Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Increasing global focus on renewable energy sources highlights the need for effective energy storage solutions especially considering the intermittent nature of these renewables. This paper explores the potential of hydrogen as a solution for storing energy and highlights its high energy density, versatile production methods and ability to bridge gaps in energy supply and demand. It discusses both innovative approaches to hydrogen production and storage including gasification, electrolysis, and solid-state material-based storage. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the usefulness of hydrogen in power generation through fuel cells and its integration with natural gas systems. This paper also provides a comprehensive overview of the different technologies and approaches utilized for integrating hydrogen as an energy storage solution in renewable energy systems. These include hydrogen production through water electrolysis, hydrogen compression and storage, and hydrogen utilization through fuel cells.