The FQ Paradigm
We formalize the FQ paradigm in three steps:
First, we define the notion of congestion. Our definition is a slight modification of Keshav's definition [13].
Second, we formulate six properties that an ideal congestion control protocol must meet. These properties are abstractly defined, which means they are independent of any mechanism (e.g., we talk about fairness but not about scheduling and buffer management, which are two mechanisms that influence fairness).
Third, we give a formal definition of the FQ paradigm for congestion control. We show that almost all the properties of an ideal congestion control protocol are met by a congestion control protocol based on the FQ paradigm.