Moving Target At Constant Velocity Localization Using TOA Measurements From Single Moving Receiver With Unknown Signal Period

In this article, we consider using time-of-arrival (TOA) measurements from a single moving receiver to locate a moving target at constant velocity that emits a periodic signal with unknown signal period. First, we give the TOA measurement model and deduce the Cram
$\acute{\text{e}}$
r-Rao lower bounds (CRLB). Then, we formulate a nonlinear least squares (NLS) problem to estimate the unknown parameters. We use semidefinite programming (SDP) techniques to relax the nonconvex NLS problem. However, it is shown that the SDP localization algorithm cannot provide a high-quality solution. Subsequently, we develop a fixed point iteration (FPI) method to improve the performance of the SDP algorithm. In addition, we also consider the presence of receiver position errors and develop the corresponding localization algorithm. Numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate the localization performance of the proposed algorithms by comparing them with the CRLB.
Index Term
-Fixed point iteration (FPI), semidefinite programming (SDP), single moving receiver, target localization, time-of-arrival (TOA).