Identification and Analysis of Deformation Areas in the Construction Stage of Pumped Storage Power Station Using GB-InSAR Technology

To meet the needs of the rapid development of new energy sources, China is currently accelerating the construction of pumped storage power stations (PSPS). However, the complex geological environment and large-scale construction can easily cause deformation areas, such as collapse and sliding, on the surface of PSPS. This article adopts ground-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar (GB-InSAR) technology to monitor surface deformation using 206 ground-based radar (GBR) data collected from 2022/07/31 10:24 to 2022/08/06 14:57 with a PSPS in the construction stage in western China. In the selection of permanent scatterers (PSs) for GBR data processing, statistical homogeneous pixels (SHPs) information is considered in this article. Based on the fast SHP selection (FaSHPS) algorithm, we introduce intensity deviations (${D}_I$) to exclude pixels with unstable intensity performance in the temporal dimension and propose the ${D}_I + FaSHPS$ algorithm, which is experimentally proven to have higher SHPs selection accuracy and computational efficiency. By combining with the traditional PSs selection algorithm, the distribution density of monitoring points is effectively improved. In addition, based on the deformation results and on-site survey, this article analyzes and discusses the identified deformation areas in detail from the aspects of natural geography and man-made activities. The results show that the surface is relatively stable overall, except for the effects of man-made activities. This study has demonstrated the remarkable reliability and superiority of the GB-InSAR technology in identifying and analyzing deformation areas in the construction stage of PSPS.