Design and Analysis of Rotor Technology for Electric Vehicle Application

Present electric vehicles have regained attention in the automobile sector. The central part of the electric vehicle is the motor. Most EVs use Induction motors, permanent magnet motors, and in some experiments switched reluctance motors, consisting of a single rotor with single winding technology. However, they are not gained high torque. A comprehensive approach should be taken towards the design of an electric motor for an electric vehicle, along with the choice of suitable rotor topology and slot combination. In this paper a novel design of the single rotor, dual winding technology is proposed. The proposed model consists of a motor winding, and generator winding on the same rotor, which works as both motor as well as generator. The design of novel rotor winding guarantees the generation of high torque and power density for crucial applications of electrical vehicles. The design of a single rotor with twin windings for eventual use in electric vehicles can reduce the burden on EV charging stations. This rotor technology has advantages like high torque, low weight and availability with low cost. This paper’s primary objective is to research various slot winding topologies for electric motors, as well as to build a prototype and validate the design.

I. Introduction

Recently, the automobile industry has paid significant attention towards electric and hybrid vehicles (EHV). While an internal combustion engine (ICE) functions with an efficiency range of 30 percent to 45 percent, an electric motor (EM), when correctly managed during its operational range in EVs, may maintain efficiency of more than 90% [1]. Motors play a dominant role in designing EVs or HEVs. Therefore, the operation of an electrical motor is a crucial parameter to maximize the range of EVs. The approach for designing an electric motor rotor for an electric vehicle application is presented in this research. This requires optimizing the drive cycle on a wide scale and selecting the rotor topology and slot combination using high-fidelity models. The space is limited when the motor is included in the new rotor topology. In this instance, attaining high torque and power density is critical [1, 2].