Design and Implementation of an Iot-Based System For Monitoring Nutrients And Irrigation In Agricultural Soil

This study will discuss IoT-based systems for soil nutrient monitoring and analysis that use Arduino and ESP8266. Soil is the base of agriculture. A crop grows more quickly thanks to the nutrients in the soil. The yield of a crop is greatly influenced by a number of chemical and physical characteristics of the soil, including its moisture content, temperature, and levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The field-useable open-source hardware is capable of sensing these features. For improved yields, agriculture depends on a wide range of factors, including climate factors, soil characteristics, and plant inter- and intra-variabilities. Here, the system is made to gather information on important parameters including soil moisture, soil temperature, and the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil. On a smartphone or computer system, the farmer can wirelessly monitor all these parameters. A capacitive soil moisture sensor will be used to measure the amount of soil moisture. The DS18B20 Waterproof Temperature Sensor can be used to gauge the soil's temperature. Similarly, we will utilise a soil NPK sensor to measure the soil NPK values. The Arduino platform is easily interfaced with all of these sensors. Additionally, a smart irrigation system that optimises water use is presented in this study. Smaller scope controllers are utilised to regulate and motorize the field, while distant sensor structures are employed to monitor the living circumstances. The study of the crop selection was done using the data sets that were gathered. The obtained results were compared to the standardised optimal values for the specific crops, and changes were made to the crops' inputs as a result of the discrepancies. Smaller farmers are unable to use this kind of system due to the high cost of typical commercial agriculture irrigation system sensors. However, producers are now providing inexpensive sensors that may be connected to nodes to construct cost-effective irrigation control and agricultural monitoring systems. The major objective of the article is to implement many sensors to acquire the primary characteristics required for plant growth. The development of this project was motivated by the accessibility of sensors