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Andrea Sosso - IEEE Xplore Author Profile

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In this work, a method for the calibration of the magnitude and phase of lock-in amplifiers (LIAs) and the characterization of their noise response are presented. A simple calibration setup developed at INRIM is used to calibrate the magnitude and phase of digital LIAs. These quantities are typically loosely or not specified, respectively, by the manufacturers. Furthermore, since the low-pass filt...Show More
The development of pulse driven Josephson arrays has led to devices capable of generating quantum referenced arbitrary and ultra pure voltages with amplitudes exceeding 2 V. The optical driving of pulses was shown to have several advantages with respect to electrical methods. On the other hand, cryocooler operation of Josephson standards is promising to simplify cryogenic management and improve ou...Show More
A four-quadrants differential set-up made by two plane-parallel capacitors to measure displacements and small angle rotations is presented. The capacitors electrodes are interfaced to a bridge-based circuit of new conception to be used either for displacements and small angle readings, independently and almost simultaneously detected. Sensitivities of about 0,11 V/μm with a 0,1% relative standard ...Show More
Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond allow measurement of magnetic fields at nanoscale. The working principle is based on the measurement of a NV center resonance frequency shift, detected by monitoring the center's photoluminescence. Here we present a technique based on lock-in detection and simultaneous excitation of the three peaks corresponding to hyperfine interaction between the NV cente...Show More
In this paper we show how an overdamped Josephson junction can be exploited as temperature sensor in a closed-loop circuit to control the operating point of a cryocooled device, e.g. a quantum standard. The resistance of a Josephson junction is measured at the desired temperature with a commercial ac resistance meter, that then uses this value to regulate the chip temperature via its own PID contr...Show More
This paper presents a brief overview of the current state-of-the-art of Josephson junctions for Quantum-based Voltage Standards fabricated with High-Temperature Superconductors (HTS). A short introduction on the history and technical evolution of Low Temperature Superconductors (LTS) technology is provided for non-specialists. Then HTS technology is summarized and discussed in the context of quant...Show More
Quantum digital-to-analog converters (DACs) based on programmable Josephson array [Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard (PJVS)] represent the most widely used quantum standard in ac voltage calibrations. The extension of PJVS frequency above the kilohertz range appears to be arduous; however, some enhancements are still practicable. In this work, we demonstrate the possibility to advantageously...Show More
Complex cryogenics still represents a strong limitation to the spread of Josephson voltage standards, and cryogenfree cooling is particularly suitable to simplify their operation. The main downsides of liquid-helium-free systems are related to the chip thermalization: Indeed, at low temperature, the heat transfer between the chip and the coldplate of a cryocooler in vacuum is strongly affected by ...Show More
We present a cryocooled pulse-driven Josephson standard designed for significantly reducing the cable loading effect on a Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer. A peculiar property of the setup is a very short stainless steel coax for the output connections. Ac-dc calibrations are planned to evaluate the effect of cable loading with few parts in 106 uncertainty.Show More
Quantum Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs) based on programmable Josephson array (PJVS) represent the most advanced devices currently employed in ac voltage calibrations. Pulse-driven Josephson technology, compared to PJVS, provides cleaner and faster voltage signals and is the main topic of frontier developments. Although the extension of PJVS frequency range appears to be arduous, some enhancem...Show More
This paper describes a software package for PJVS automated measurements written in Python, an interpreted programming language widely used in scientific applications. The code is modular and expandable with the support of many libraries allowing easy reconfiguration for different calibration and testing purposes.Show More
The Josephson effect is worldwide exploited as the basis for constant reference voltages in National Metrological Institutes (NMIs) and in industry calibration laboratories. Lately, voltage metrology research has been mainly directed towards the application of Josephson effect for the synthesis of very accurate ac and arbitrary voltage signals: pulse-driven Josephson arrays represent the most prom...Show More
An alternating programmable Josephson voltage standard (AC-PJVS) configured as a multibit digital-to-analog converter has been developed to explore the staircase-approximated waveforms synthesis at frequencies up to the acoustic range. The AC-PJVS setup is based on state-of-the-art modular electronics able to bias individually the subsections of a binary-divided array consisting of 8192 intrinsica...Show More
Results of investigations of selected highly stable wideband AC sources to be used in AC-DC transfer systems in the frequency range from 1 MHz to 10 MHz are presented in the paper. The most stable sources were pointed out and tested. Moreover, impact of the RF amplifier on the stability of the generated AC voltage was checked and discussed. Finally AC-DC transfer difference measurements were perfo...Show More
In the last decades, voltage metrology research has been mainly directed towards the application of arrays of Josephson junctions for the synthesis of quantum-based ac and arbitrary voltage waveforms. Currently, ac voltage calibrations are performed with conventional calorimetric methods based on ac-dc transfer standards, but they are not intrinsically accurate. Programmable and pulse-driven Josep...Show More
This paper presents recent advances in the application of binary-divided 1 V array, consisting of 8192 intrinsically shunted SNIS overdamped Josephson junctions (JJs), for the synthesis of stepwise waves with quantum accuracy. The maximum output voltage is ensured by opportunely driving the subsections of the SNIS array by means of three states bias-current setpoints to the Shapiro steps n = 0, ±1...Show More
A new experimental setup based on a two-stage cryocooler has been developed at INRIM for operation with Josephson arrays. Recently some parts of the setup have been upgraded in order to allow the synthesis of waveforms; in particular, a well suited rigid rf coaxial cable with bandwidth exceeding 30 GHz has been mounted. We describe preliminary results obtained in tests of waveform synthesis with p...Show More
Following the ever-rising demand for new functionalities and novel materials in superconducting circuitry, we provide a complete view on the self-shunting problem in Josephson junctions, relating it to specific features of a multichannel weak link between electrodes where averaging over the channels yields a bimodal distribution of transparencies with maxima near unity and zero. We provide two exa...Show More
We report on our recent and ongoing activities on helium-free operation with ac Josephson standards based on programmable superconductor-normal conductor-insulator-superconductor (SNIS) arrays. Liquid helium-free operation provides ease of use, which is a wider number of applications and users. Moreover, it allows to reduce cable loading, which is crucial to overcome frequency-related limitations ...Show More
Cryogen-free operation is essential to expand applications of superconductivity, is unavoidable in some special cases and, in perspective, provides a solution to the expected shortages of liquid helium. In electrical metrology applications, high-temperature operation to reduce the refrigerator size and complexity is not yet possible since arrays of Josephson junctions for voltage standard applicat...Show More
Submicron Josephson devices are of a particular interest to the emerging field of quantum information, nanosized superconducting quantum interference devices (nano-SQUID) fabrication, AC voltage synthesis circuits for quantum metrology, etc. In this paper, we report on the development of our technology for producing non-hysteretic Nb/A-AlOx-Nb four-layered junctions with a diverse range of submicr...Show More
Avoiding liquid helium is now a worldwide issue, thus cryocooler operation is becoming essential for a wider use of superconductive electronics. Higher temperature operation of devices is advisable to reduce the refrigerator size and complexity, but arrays of Josephson junctions made with high temperature superconductors for voltage standard applications are not to date available. The SNIS (Superc...Show More
This work deals with the use of high precision digital modular systems, employed towards a wideband chassis, for use with PJVS devices. A key feature of digital modular systems lies on their fast software reconfigurability, exploited to better adapt characteristics as well as performances of different boards (e.g., DACs, ADCs, timing and synchronization) to a specific experimental setup. A compact...Show More
Owing to their uttermost linearity, high-grade multimeters can be profitably used as voltage ratio standards. To exploit the high performances achievable, the residual nonlinearities must be evaluated with a quantum reference and particular attention is required to avoid reduction in accuracy. Differently from the resistive divider case, the ratio is obtained from actual voltage measurements, and ...Show More