A survey on Geographic Multipath Routing Techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is been a huge evolution (growth) in the current years. The growth is particularly because of the availability or requirement of small size sensors, which senses the environment with the help of tiny size sensor nodes and which is used in the communication of sensed data. WSNs are usually contains huge number of huge sink nodes and a sensor nodes. The multipath routing technique is the important task in the WSN for reliable transfer of data simultaneously by reducing delay and congestion. The multipath routing protocols improves Quality of service (QoS) and load balancing in addition to the reliable communication in the network. This survey gives a brief introduction about the multipath routing and the classifications of the various geographic multipath routing protocols based on the routing information (data) update mechanism using local or global heuristics knowledge. A comparison between these protocols in terms of various routing parameters for path maintenance, path discovery, traffic distribution is described for each class of geographic multipath routing protocols.