A Compact Microstrip Patch Antenna at 28 GHz for 5G wireless Applications

A compact planar inset-fed microstrip antenna applicable for 5G Wireless system at millimeter wave frequency (28 GHz) is described. The antenna parameters are optimized using the CST Microwave Studio. Simulated return loss plot, far-field radiation pattern and polar plot gain is achieved at 28 GHz frequency. The simulation result met the 3GPP Release-15 operating in 28 GHz frequency band for 5G Wireless applications. The simulated results shows a return loss of -17.4dB, gain of antenna is 6.72 dB and the voltage standing wave ratio VSWR <; 2 at 28 GHz indicating that the antenna has minimum reflection at this frequency.

I. Introduction

5G wireless communication is based on 3GPP release 14 to release 17 which will operates in millimetre wave band (30GHz to 300 GHz).The main Challenges at these frequencies is high path-loss and propagation losses so use of very high directive phase-array antennas with Beam forming technique is required to reach the destination[1]. One of the key mechanisms in millimetre wave communication is beam training. Beam training is a process of direction finding between two devices that want to communicate and this direction is used to beam formed towards other device to overcome the attenuation at millimetre wave frequency. This frequency band is important because only at this frequency band sufficient bandwidth is available to allow very high data rate communication[2]. The licensing will also not be needed because of the limited potential for interference at these frequencies[3].