I. Introduction
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterised by the autoimmune destruction of the beta cells of the endocrine pancreas responsible for controlling Blood Glucose (BG) levels through the secretion of insulin. There are no actual global statistics regarding the number of people suffering from T1DM [1], but the American Diabetes Association estimates that there are approximately 1.25 million American adults and children with T1DM. According to the International Diabetes Federation, the highest incidence rates are in Europe, where there are approximately 140,000 children with T1DM and 21,600 new cases every year [2].