Joint Reconstruction and Multiple Attenuation Using One-Step Randomized-Order Damped Rank Reduction Method

Multiple attenuation plays an important role in marine seismic data processing, and a slew of methods have been developed for multiple attenuation. However, due to acquisition limitation, the performance of such methods will degrade when it comes to incomplete seismic data. Here, we proposed a novel method to implement data reconstruction and multiple suppression simultaneously. Compared with the two-step methods (e.g., interpolation and multiple attenuation), the proposed method can restore and highlight primary reflections directly without data reconstruction in advance, which avoids introducing interpolation-related errors and simplifies the data processing routines. Based on the incomplete data, we first sort seismic data into common midpoint (CMP) gathers and use normal moveout (NMO) to flatten the primary reflections, and the multiples still retain parabolas. Then, we reassigned the seismic traces randomly to decrease the coherency of the multiples from near-offset to far-offset and applied the damped rank reduction (DRR) method to the disordered traces to reconstruct seismic data and remove the unexpected multiples simultaneously. Compared with conventional two-step methods, the proposed one-step method can suppress multiples and benefit useful signal preservation more effectively. Moreover, in addition to multiples, the proposed method can remove random ambient noise and provide superior results with an improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Synthetic and field examples are used to validate the validity of the proposed method on data reconstruction and multiple attenuation for incomplete seismic data.