Load frequency control using Golden Eagle Optimization supported with hybrid energy storage devices.
Abstract:
The reliability of a power system depends on its ability to handle fluctuations and varying load demands, as uncontrolled frequency deviations can lead to load-shedding a...Show MoreMetadata
Abstract:
The reliability of a power system depends on its ability to handle fluctuations and varying load demands, as uncontrolled frequency deviations can lead to load-shedding and blackouts. Optimally tuned controllers are essential for Load Frequency Control (LFC) applications to efficiently stabilize the power system by minimizing frequency undershoots, overshoots, and settling time. This paper proposed the application of novel Golden Eagle Optimization (GEO) algorithm for the optimal tuning of the LFC controller, which has not been previously employed in any LFC applications. Moreover, this paper presents the first-ever implementation of a hybrid energy storage system consisting of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB) and Super Magnetic Energy Storage System (SMES) coupled with AC/HVDC transmission lines in a multi-area power system. A GEO optimized Proportional-Integrative-Derivative (GEO-PID) robust controller is designed with the Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) objective function to enhance the power system’s stability. The proposed controller is tested on two and four areas power systems considering the sensitivity and nonlinearity of the power systems. A robustness test is also performed to verify the stability of the system under randomly chosen loading conditions. In comparison with particle swarm optimization, dragonfly algorithm, sine cosine algorithm, ant lion optimization, and whale optimization algorithm, the GEO-PID controller significantly reduced the settling time up to 80% for different area’s frequencies. Simulation results indicate that the proposed controller outperforms other recent optimization algorithms by effectively dampening the frequency and tie-line deviations with less settling times, as well as reduced frequency undershoots and overshoots.
Load frequency control using Golden Eagle Optimization supported with hybrid energy storage devices.
Published in: IEEE Access ( Volume: 11)
Funding Agency:
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Irfan Ahmed Khan received the B.S. degree in electronics from the Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistan, in 2007, and the M.S. degree in electrical engineering from the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia, in 2012. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering with Universiti Malaya, Malaysia. His research interests include load frequency control, power ...Show More
Irfan Ahmed Khan received the B.S. degree in electronics from the Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistan, in 2007, and the M.S. degree in electrical engineering from the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia, in 2012. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering with Universiti Malaya, Malaysia. His research interests include load frequency control, power ...View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Universitas Airlangga, Gedung Kuliah Bersama UNAIR Kampus C, Surabaya, Indonesia
Hazlie Mokhlis (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Eng. and M.Eng.Sc. degrees in electrical engineering from Universiti Malaya (UM), Malaysia, in 1999 and 2002, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree from The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K., in 2009. He is currently a Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, UM, and the Head of the UM Power and Energy System (UMPES) Research Group. He is also a Cha...Show More
Hazlie Mokhlis (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Eng. and M.Eng.Sc. degrees in electrical engineering from Universiti Malaya (UM), Malaysia, in 1999 and 2002, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree from The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K., in 2009. He is currently a Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, UM, and the Head of the UM Power and Energy System (UMPES) Research Group. He is also a Cha...View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Nurulafiqah Nadzirah Mansor (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Eng. degree from Vanderbilt University, USA, in 2008, the M.Eng. degree in power system engineering from Universiti Malaya, Malaysia, in 2013, and the Ph.D. degree from The University of Manchester, U.K., in 2018. From 2008 to 2014, she was a Process Engineer with Texas Instruments (M). She is currently a Senior Lecturer with Universiti Malaya. Her research ...Show More
Nurulafiqah Nadzirah Mansor (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Eng. degree from Vanderbilt University, USA, in 2008, the M.Eng. degree in power system engineering from Universiti Malaya, Malaysia, in 2013, and the Ph.D. degree from The University of Manchester, U.K., in 2018. From 2008 to 2014, she was a Process Engineer with Texas Instruments (M). She is currently a Senior Lecturer with Universiti Malaya. Her research ...View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Hazlee Azil Illias (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Eng. degree from Universiti Malaya, Malaysia, in 2006, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Southampton, U.K., in 2011. He is currently an Associate Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Malaya, and the Head of the Universiti Malaya High Voltage Research Group. His research interests include PD modeling a...Show More
Hazlee Azil Illias (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Eng. degree from Universiti Malaya, Malaysia, in 2006, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Southampton, U.K., in 2011. He is currently an Associate Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Malaya, and the Head of the Universiti Malaya High Voltage Research Group. His research interests include PD modeling a...View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Department of Electrical Engineering, Rachna College of Engineering and Technology, Gujranwala, Pakistan
A Constituent College of University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
Muhammad Usama received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, in 2012, the M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Engineering and Technology (UET) Lahore, in 2017, and the Ph.D. degree in the protection of smart distribution networks from Universiti Malaya (UM). His current research interests include power system analysis and stability, s...Show More
Muhammad Usama received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, in 2012, the M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Engineering and Technology (UET) Lahore, in 2017, and the Ph.D. degree in the protection of smart distribution networks from Universiti Malaya (UM). His current research interests include power system analysis and stability, s...View more
A Constituent College of University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
Amil Daraz was born in Pakistan, in 1989. He received the B.E. degree in electronics engineering from COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan, in 2012, and the M.S. degree in power and control engineering and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from International Islamic University Islamabad (IIUI), Pakistan. He is currently a Postdoctoral Researcher with NingboTech University, Ningbo, China. His research interests ...Show More
Amil Daraz was born in Pakistan, in 1989. He received the B.E. degree in electronics engineering from COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan, in 2012, and the M.S. degree in power and control engineering and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from International Islamic University Islamabad (IIUI), Pakistan. He is currently a Postdoctoral Researcher with NingboTech University, Ningbo, China. His research interests ...View more
A Constituent College of University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
School of Information Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, China
Li Wang (Senior Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, in June 1988. He was an Associate Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, from 1988 to 1995. He has been a Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, since 1995. He was a ...Show More
Li Wang (Senior Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, in June 1988. He was an Associate Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, from 1988 to 1995. He has been a Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, since 1995. He was a ...View more
Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Universitas Airlangga, Gedung Kuliah Bersama UNAIR Kampus C, Surabaya, Indonesia
Lilik Jamilatul Awalin was born in East Java, Indonesia, in 1977. She received the B.Eng. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Widya Gama, in 1999, the M.Eng. degree from Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia, in 2004, and the Ph.D. degree from Universiti Malaya in 2014. She was a Senior Lecturer with the Electrical Engineering Section, British Malaysia Institute, University Kuala Lumpur, Malay...Show More
Lilik Jamilatul Awalin was born in East Java, Indonesia, in 1977. She received the B.Eng. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Widya Gama, in 1999, the M.Eng. degree from Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia, in 2004, and the Ph.D. degree from Universiti Malaya in 2014. She was a Senior Lecturer with the Electrical Engineering Section, British Malaysia Institute, University Kuala Lumpur, Malay...View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Irfan Ahmed Khan received the B.S. degree in electronics from the Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistan, in 2007, and the M.S. degree in electrical engineering from the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia, in 2012. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering with Universiti Malaya, Malaysia. His research interests include load frequency control, power system modeling and optimization, control systems, hybrid energy storage systems, wide area measurements, FACTS, and renewable energy.
Irfan Ahmed Khan received the B.S. degree in electronics from the Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistan, in 2007, and the M.S. degree in electrical engineering from the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia, in 2012. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering with Universiti Malaya, Malaysia. His research interests include load frequency control, power system modeling and optimization, control systems, hybrid energy storage systems, wide area measurements, FACTS, and renewable energy.View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Universitas Airlangga, Gedung Kuliah Bersama UNAIR Kampus C, Surabaya, Indonesia
Hazlie Mokhlis (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Eng. and M.Eng.Sc. degrees in electrical engineering from Universiti Malaya (UM), Malaysia, in 1999 and 2002, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree from The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K., in 2009. He is currently a Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, UM, and the Head of the UM Power and Energy System (UMPES) Research Group. He is also a Chartered Engineer in U.K. and a Professional Engineer in Malaysia. His research interests include fault location, distribution automation, power system protection, and renewable energy.
Hazlie Mokhlis (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Eng. and M.Eng.Sc. degrees in electrical engineering from Universiti Malaya (UM), Malaysia, in 1999 and 2002, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree from The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K., in 2009. He is currently a Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, UM, and the Head of the UM Power and Energy System (UMPES) Research Group. He is also a Chartered Engineer in U.K. and a Professional Engineer in Malaysia. His research interests include fault location, distribution automation, power system protection, and renewable energy.View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Nurulafiqah Nadzirah Mansor (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Eng. degree from Vanderbilt University, USA, in 2008, the M.Eng. degree in power system engineering from Universiti Malaya, Malaysia, in 2013, and the Ph.D. degree from The University of Manchester, U.K., in 2018. From 2008 to 2014, she was a Process Engineer with Texas Instruments (M). She is currently a Senior Lecturer with Universiti Malaya. Her research interests include distribution system modeling and optimization, distribution system planning and operation, the integration of renewable energy, and smart grids.
Nurulafiqah Nadzirah Mansor (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Eng. degree from Vanderbilt University, USA, in 2008, the M.Eng. degree in power system engineering from Universiti Malaya, Malaysia, in 2013, and the Ph.D. degree from The University of Manchester, U.K., in 2018. From 2008 to 2014, she was a Process Engineer with Texas Instruments (M). She is currently a Senior Lecturer with Universiti Malaya. Her research interests include distribution system modeling and optimization, distribution system planning and operation, the integration of renewable energy, and smart grids.View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Hazlee Azil Illias (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Eng. degree from Universiti Malaya, Malaysia, in 2006, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Southampton, U.K., in 2011. He is currently an Associate Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Malaya, and the Head of the Universiti Malaya High Voltage Research Group. His research interests include PD modeling and measurement, condition monitoring, lightning overvoltage, and artificial intelligent application in high-voltage engineering.
Hazlee Azil Illias (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Eng. degree from Universiti Malaya, Malaysia, in 2006, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Southampton, U.K., in 2011. He is currently an Associate Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Malaya, and the Head of the Universiti Malaya High Voltage Research Group. His research interests include PD modeling and measurement, condition monitoring, lightning overvoltage, and artificial intelligent application in high-voltage engineering.View more
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Department of Electrical Engineering, Rachna College of Engineering and Technology, Gujranwala, Pakistan
A Constituent College of University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
Muhammad Usama received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, in 2012, the M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Engineering and Technology (UET) Lahore, in 2017, and the Ph.D. degree in the protection of smart distribution networks from Universiti Malaya (UM). His current research interests include power system analysis and stability, smart distribution networks,and power system protection.
Muhammad Usama received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, in 2012, the M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Engineering and Technology (UET) Lahore, in 2017, and the Ph.D. degree in the protection of smart distribution networks from Universiti Malaya (UM). His current research interests include power system analysis and stability, smart distribution networks,and power system protection.View more
A Constituent College of University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
Amil Daraz was born in Pakistan, in 1989. He received the B.E. degree in electronics engineering from COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan, in 2012, and the M.S. degree in power and control engineering and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from International Islamic University Islamabad (IIUI), Pakistan. He is currently a Postdoctoral Researcher with NingboTech University, Ningbo, China. His research interests include control systems, power system operation and control, and the optimization of solving nonlinear problems.
Amil Daraz was born in Pakistan, in 1989. He received the B.E. degree in electronics engineering from COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan, in 2012, and the M.S. degree in power and control engineering and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from International Islamic University Islamabad (IIUI), Pakistan. He is currently a Postdoctoral Researcher with NingboTech University, Ningbo, China. His research interests include control systems, power system operation and control, and the optimization of solving nonlinear problems.View more
A Constituent College of University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
School of Information Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, China
Li Wang (Senior Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, in June 1988. He was an Associate Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, from 1988 to 1995. He has been a Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, since 1995. He was a Visiting Scholar with the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA, from February to July 2000. He was a Visiting Scholar with the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA, from August 2003 to January 2004. He was a Research Scholar with the Energy Systems Research Center, The University of Texas at Arlington, TX, USA, from July 2008 to January 2009. He is currently with the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University. His research interests include power systems stability and renewable energy.
Li Wang (Senior Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, in June 1988. He was an Associate Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, from 1988 to 1995. He has been a Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, since 1995. He was a Visiting Scholar with the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA, from February to July 2000. He was a Visiting Scholar with the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA, from August 2003 to January 2004. He was a Research Scholar with the Energy Systems Research Center, The University of Texas at Arlington, TX, USA, from July 2008 to January 2009. He is currently with the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University. His research interests include power systems stability and renewable energy.View more
Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Universitas Airlangga, Gedung Kuliah Bersama UNAIR Kampus C, Surabaya, Indonesia
Lilik Jamilatul Awalin was born in East Java, Indonesia, in 1977. She received the B.Eng. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Widya Gama, in 1999, the M.Eng. degree from Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia, in 2004, and the Ph.D. degree from Universiti Malaya in 2014. She was a Senior Lecturer with the Electrical Engineering Section, British Malaysia Institute, University Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, from 2015 to 2020. Currently, she is a Senior Lecturer with Airlangga University, Indonesia. Her research interests include fault locations, protection systems, distribution and transmission systems, and smart grids.
Lilik Jamilatul Awalin was born in East Java, Indonesia, in 1977. She received the B.Eng. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Widya Gama, in 1999, the M.Eng. degree from Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia, in 2004, and the Ph.D. degree from Universiti Malaya in 2014. She was a Senior Lecturer with the Electrical Engineering Section, British Malaysia Institute, University Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, from 2015 to 2020. Currently, she is a Senior Lecturer with Airlangga University, Indonesia. Her research interests include fault locations, protection systems, distribution and transmission systems, and smart grids.View more