A novel dynamic demand control of an electric vehicle integrated in a solar nanogrid with energy storage

Electric Vehicles (EV) have become increasingly popular in recent years and are regarded as an important means to alleviate air pollution problems. The broad connection of EV batteries to the grid along with household scale renewable energy sources penetration creates the need for local unified control systems to support the future smart grid. In this paper, an Energy Storage Management System was designed and modeled via Matlab/Simulink in order to accommodate Vehicle to Grid (V2G) functionalities in a residential nanogrid, which incorporates a Photovoltaic system, an installed energy storage system and domestic loads together with an EV battery. The designed control system ensures the user's driving requirements satisfaction, providing ancillary services to the utility grid through an autonomous distributed control, customized to the user's needs. The simulation results for all case studies considered show that the proposed control scheme integrates V2G technology so that the nanogrid follows the mains frequency providing ancillary services to the Bulk Power System via frequency regulation.