Analysis and design of L-probe proximity fed-patch antennas

In this paper, the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is employed to analyze L-probe proximity-fed rectangular patch antennas. Numerical results for the input impedance, co- and cross-polarization radiation patterns are presented and compared with the measurements. Good agreement between the computed and measured results is obtained. The effects of geometric parameters on the characteristics of the L-probe patch antenna are extensively studied. For design purposes, the variation of input impedance at resonance with different geometric parameters is plotted on a Smith chart. Mutual coupling between two L-probe patch antennas is also investigated.