A 3.6GB/s 1.3mW 400mV 0.051mm2 near-threshold voltage resilient router in 22nm tri-gate CMOS

A 6-port, 2-lane packet-switched input-buffered wormhole router forms the key building block of a 2×2 2D mesh network-on-chip (NoC). The router operates across a wide frequency (voltage) range of 1GHz (0.85V) to 67MHz (340mV), dissipating 28.5mW to 675μW and achieves 3.3X improvement in energy-efficiency at an optimum supply voltage (V
_OPT
) of 400mV. The resilient router incorporates an end-to-end forward error correction code (ECC) and withinrouter recovery from transient timing failures using error-detection sequentials and a FLIT replay scheme, to achieve 28% (at 0.7V) to 63% (at V
_OPT
) higher bandwidths.