Genetic Algorithm for Energy Efficient and Coverage-Preserved Positioning in Wireless Sensor Networks

Layout is an important issue in designing sensor networks. This paper brings a new idea for the positioning of nodes in a wireless sensor network. The sensors communicate with each other to transmit their data to a high energy communication node which acts as an interface between data processing unit and sensors. Optimization of sensor locations is essential to provide communication for a longer duration. An energy efficient layout with good coverage based on Genetic algorithm is proposed here. During the process of optimization, sensors move to form a uniformly distributed network. The two objectives taken into consideration are coverage and lifetime. Basically a set of network layouts are obtained. The simulation results also exhibit improvement of performance with increase in number of generations in the algorithm.