A distributed, collaborative and haptic-enabled eye cataract surgery application with a user interface on desktop, stereo desktop and immersive displays

In this paper, we discuss the technologies and approaches utilized in developing a cataract eye surgery simulation that will be used for training novice surgeons. The three different techniques described in this paper, are all hapto-visual techniques that resulted in three different implementations of the application: 2D simulation, 3D immersive simulation, and completely immersive simulation. The paper begins with an introduction and a general overview of the medical procedure of the cataract surgery. Then an overview of the eye and surgical tools modeling is given. Following that, the architecture and technology of each of the three design techniques is given. Finally the paper concludes with future work to improve the application