IEEE Transactions on Circuit Theory

Kirchhoff modes in anRLCnetwork are defined as the class of complex current (voltage) distributions satisfying only the pertinent Kirchhoff law. A sufficient number of such modes forms a complete set in the sense that each permissible current (voltage) distribution can be represented as a linear combination of these modes. If the basic set of modes satisfies certain properly defined ort... View full abstract»

The minimum number of gyrators needed for the synthesis of a general nonbilateraln-port of prescribed scattering matrixShas long been unknown although a lower bound isr/2, whereris the rank (necessarily even) of the skew part ofS, that is, rank(S-S'). The synthesis procedure for losslessn-ports, due to Belevitch, reaches ... View full abstract»

There are many activeRCnetworks that implement the low-pass filter characteristic. It has been the common practice to compare these networks with regard to passive element sensitivities while assuming the amplifier to be ideal. Such an assumption gives results that disagree with experimental observations, particularly when the pole magnitudes are large. This paper characterizes the ampl... View full abstract»

In a previous work by the authors, a deterministic approach was used to evaluate the sparse-matrix technique for solving a large system of equationAX = b. In this paper, a probabilistic approach is used to further study the sparse-matrix technique. Analytic expressions for both the most probable number of fill-ins and the most probable optimal pivot for minimum fill-in in random sparse ... View full abstract»

The optimum impulse response of a band-limited system, viz., the van der Maas function, is derived from considerations based on the theory of entire functions. The^{2}version of the optimization problem is also discussed. In particular, it is shown that there is no square integrable impulse response that is optimum in Chebyshev's sense since the van der Maas function, which is not squar... View full abstract»

Two methods for the calculation of the frequencyand time-domain behavior of networks containing nonuniformRClines are described. Successive approximations reduce the error involved. Unlike previous approximations ofRC-distributed lines the order of the network parameters, which are entire functions, is preserved. For the second method, the type of the network parameters is al... View full abstract»

In the computer-aided analysis of nonlinear autonomous oscillators, the steady-state periodic response is usually found by integrating the system equations from some initial state until the transient response appears to be negligible. In lightly damped systems, convergence to the steady-state response is very slow, and this integration could extend over many periods making the computation costly. ... View full abstract»

Realizability conditions for low-pass ladder networks containing inductances and capacitances with losses not necessarily uniform are presented. Explicit formulas for the element values are derived in terms of the Taylor coefficients and also in terms of the coefficients of the numerator and denominator polynomials of the driving-point function. Using these formulas, necessary and sufficient condi... View full abstract»

Two new types ofLCmutators are defined here. These are referred to as type2band type2cLCmutators. The realization of these active building blocks are given using the second-generation current conveyor. View full abstract»

Realization of the second-order voltage transfer function for anRCbandpass filter using the Fialkow-Gerst technique, produces, in addition to the ladder forms, a general network capable of attaining the maximum gain of unity. Design restrictions result in a compromise between the pole-Q(< 0.5), the spread in element values, and the total circuit capacitance. View full abstract»

The concept of available power(P_{A})is extended to multiports. A theorem is proved, which gives a necessary condition forP_{A}to be achieved with all positive load resistances for the case of resistive-reciprocal multiports. Based on the theorem, a procedure is outlined for determiningP_{A}for resistive multiports. The method requires the solution of simultaneous ... View full abstract»

In the design of high-Qnetworks, it is of practical significance to minimize theQsensitivity. Two types of polynomial decomposition are developed in such a way as to be amenable to the realization ofRC:NIC andRC:gyrator networks, each with minimumQsensitivity. Actually, the proposed decomposition yields the networks with zeroQsensit... View full abstract»

An active double-layerRCdistributed circuit is analyzed. Design charts for realizing a second-order transfer function with real-frequency zeros and a pair of complex-conjugate poles are given using the dominant-pole approach. A fifth-order Cauer-Chebyshev-(CC) type low-pass filter with equiripple passband and stopband characteristics is realized using these charts. View full abstract»

The distributedRCnetworks considered in this paper involve connections of short-circuited and open-circuitedRCtransmission lines. Synthesis of driving-point immittances of these networks are considered. By using Wyndrum's classical transformations, driving-point functions are transformed into multivariable reactance functions, which correspond to impedances of transformerless... View full abstract»

In this paper we study the control of the amplitude of () EA limit cycles due to adder overflow which occur in the zero-input response of second-order digital filters. We consider a digital filter model in which the effects of quantization (i.e., roundoff, truncation, etc.) are included. Our analysis is sufficiently general in character that consideration is given to a wide variety of types of ari... View full abstract»

A single-amplifier circuit is introduced and shown to be capable of realizing any second-order minimum-phase voltage transfer function while maintaining an isotopic structure. Sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the single-amplifier biquad (SAB) is comparable to other state-of-the-art active filters employing more amplifiers. A bandpass SAB together with an extra amplifiers enables the realizat... View full abstract»