# IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics

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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 25
• ### Human-robot interaction via the transfer of power and information signals

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):450 - 463
Cited by:  Papers (217)  |  Patents (6)
| | PDF (1108 KB)

Constrained motion in a class of human-controlled robotic manipulators called extenders is discussed. Extenders are defined as a class of robot manipulators worn by humans to increase mechanical strength while the wearer's intellect remains the central control system for manipulating the extender. The human, in physical contact with the extender, exchanges power and information signals with the ex... View full abstract»

• ### A force/energy optimization model for wheelchair athletics

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):444 - 449
Cited by:  Papers (19)
| | PDF (492 KB)

Wheelchair athletic performance is posed as an optimal control problem. A solution to the optimal control problem using force as the control variable and energy as the constraint is presented, along with the results of an experiment on the dynamics of racing wheelchair propulsion. The parameters derived from results of this experiment and appropriate results from previous investigations are applie... View full abstract»

• ### A model of associative memory based on adaptive feature-detecting cells

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):436 - 443
Cited by:  Papers (2)
| | PDF (660 KB)

The self-organizing model of feature-detecting cells of S. Amari and A. Takeuchi (Biol. Cybern., vol.29, p.127-36, 1978) is expanded by adding an inhibitory cell with a nonlinear characteristic. The generalized model can form the feature-detecting cells of each pattern, even if the patterns have an inclusion. It is shown that, by varying only a learning parameter in the model, various classificati... View full abstract»

• ### Two perspectives on consensus for (Bayesian) inference and decisions

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):318 - 325
Cited by:  Papers (6)
| | PDF (680 KB)

Questions of consensus among Bayesian investigators are discussed with regard to: (1) inference and (2) decisions. Concerning topic (1), results about asymptotic consensus and certainty with increasing evidence are reported. The findings deal with extending a conclusion of D. Blackwell and L. Dubins (1962) from pairs of agents to larger communities. Increasing evidence creates (almost sure) certai... View full abstract»

• ### Predicate-formation for synthesizing LISP code

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):530 - 533
Cited by:  Patents (1)
| | PDF (368 KB)

A novel technique for predicate-formation is given. It is useful for generation of LISP programs from the I/O examples. The top-level elements of I/O lists can be atoms or lists of arbitrary structure, and can be put into two groups, on which different actions are taking place. The predicate generated yields true for elements of one group, while false for other elements. The technique is mainly us... View full abstract»

• ### Fuzzy logic in control systems: fuzzy logic controller. II

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):419 - 435
Cited by:  Papers (484)  |  Patents (17)
| | PDF (1236 KB)

For pt.I see ibid., vol.20, no.2, p.404-18, 1990. The basic aspects of the FLC (fuzzy logic controller) decision-making logic are examined. Several issues, including the definitions of a fuzzy implication, compositional operators, the interpretations of the sentence connectives and' and also', and fuzzy inference mechanisms, are investigated. Defuzzification strategies, are discussed. Some of th... View full abstract»

• ### Descriptive and prescriptive models of decision-making: implications for the development of decision aids

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):310 - 317
Cited by:  Papers (6)
| | PDF (788 KB)

Experimental investigations by psychologists have revealed significant deviations of actual human decision behavior from classical rational theories of judgment and decision-making. Weakening the assumptions of the latter has led to the development of such new theories such as prospect theory or rank-dependent subjective expected utility theory. Recent work in this area is reviewed with an emphasi... View full abstract»

• ### Another look at design theory

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):528 - 530
Cited by:  Papers (2)
| | PDF (324 KB)

The first appearance in the open literature of a report (S.L. Newscome et al., Design Theory '88, 1989) on the National Science Foundation's (NSF's) new program in design theory and methodology is taken as an opportunity to track the development of this area. An attempt is made to identify unifying cross-disciplinary themes. It is argued that design theory, when looked at properly, has much in com... View full abstract»

• ### Fuzzy logic in control systems: fuzzy logic controller. I

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):404 - 418
Cited by:  Papers (3277)  |  Patents (25)
| | PDF (1288 KB)

The fuzzy logic controller (FLC) provides a means of converting a linguistic control strategy. A survey of the FLC is presented, and a general methodology for constructing an FLC and assessing its performance is described. In particular, attention is given to fuzzification and defuzzification strategies, the derivation of the database and fuzzy control rules, the definition of fuzzy implication, a... View full abstract»

• ### A fault-tolerant architecture for an automatic vision-guided vehicle

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):380 - 394
Cited by:  Papers (8)
| | PDF (1012 KB)

A fault-tolerant architecture for an automatic navigation system is presented. The system employs a mixed type of architecture in which the speed advantages of both pipelined and parallel architectures are exploited to achieve real-time navigation. The fault-tolerant architecture is presented using two reconfiguration strategies. To evaluate the proposed architecture, its reliability, availability... View full abstract»

• ### Understanding contingent choice: a computer simulation approach

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):296 - 309
Cited by:  Papers (29)
| | PDF (1360 KB)

It is pointed on that, when making choices, people use a variety of information processing strategies, contingent upon a number of task and context variables. An approach to investigating contingent decision behavior using an effort/accuracy framework, production system modeling of decision strategies, and Monte Carlo simulation to explore the interactions of task properties with decision heuristi... View full abstract»

• ### Gaze controls with interactions and decays

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):518 - 527
Cited by:  Papers (50)
| | PDF (940 KB)

Multibehavior control is explored in a simulation of gaze control using saccadic, vergence, pursuit, vestibulo-ocular reflex, and head control. In gaze control, several simple reflexes (or behaviors) cooperate to achieve effects such as gaze shifts, object tracking, and gaze stabilization. In the simulation, the behaviors acted like a multirate, multiinput, multioutput, time-delayed, saturated con... View full abstract»

• ### A survey on the integration of decision analysis and expert systems for decision support

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):358 - 364
Cited by:  Papers (32)
| | PDF (700 KB)

The author presents a survey of how multiattribute decision analysis and expert systems for decision support have been and can be integrated to produce problem-solving systems that are sensitive to the key role played by user preference in the problem-solving process. The intent of this survey is to provide insight as to how system capability and acceptability can be enhanced by this integration View full abstract»

• ### The adaptation of machine conversational speed to speaker utterance speed in human-machine communication

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):502 - 507
Cited by:  Papers (10)
| | PDF (476 KB)

The development of a machine that adapts to speech of any human speaker and responds at an optimal utterance speed is considered. The relationship between speech speed and speech temporal parameters (mean silence duration S), mean talkspurt duration T, mean talkspurt rate [1/T(T+S)], and speech activity [T/(T+S)] in the case o... View full abstract»

• ### Attitudinal, normative and effective components of decision-making: further research on multicomponent decision models

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):464 - 474
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (912 KB)

Previous research has demonstrated that judgements of intent were significantly related to attitudinal, normative, and (global) affective components of decision making. The research failed, however, to demonstrate the distinctiveness of the three components by obtaining convergent and discriminant validity measures. This limitation is addressed. Multiple methods were used to measure each of the th... View full abstract»

• ### Induction as optimization

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):326 - 338
Cited by:  Papers (3)
| | PDF (1240 KB)

A representative (but unimodal) problem, the fifteen puzzle, is used to test six different learning systems: some that fit, count, or partition data in instance space; some that optimize measures derived from data in hypothesis space; and some that perform combinations of such procedures. The six systems are described, tested, and analyzed. Through several experiments, specific properties are extr... View full abstract»

• ### An interactive method for bicriteria integer programming

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):395 - 403
Cited by:  Papers (12)
| | PDF (856 KB)

An efficient interactive solution framework for bicriteria integer programming is developed. The proposed methodology follows the implicit utility maximization approach. The decision maker's underlying utility function is assumed to be pseudoconcave and nondecreasing, and the problem is solved using an interactive branch-and-bound methodology. Several new concepts on bicriteria integer programming... View full abstract»

• ### Dynamic programming and influence diagrams

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):365 - 379
Cited by:  Papers (108)  |  Patents (3)
| | PDF (1240 KB)

The concept of a super value node is developed to extend the theory of influence diagrams to allow dynamic programming to be performed within this graphical modeling framework. The operations necessary to exploit the presence of these nodes and efficiently analyze the models are developed. The key result is that by representing value function separability in the structure of the graph of the influ... View full abstract»

• ### Effect of information systems on the achievement of organizational goals: a modern control theory approach

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):507 - 513
Cited by:  Papers (5)
| | PDF (756 KB)

An analytic method of analysis is developed to explicitly determine the effect of alternative information systems on the attainment of organizational goals. Model formulation is based on optimal control theory, coupled with the behavioral aspects of organizational team theory. The model incorporates a multiperiod, multiperson, stochastic environment with decentralized team decision making. An illu... View full abstract»

• ### Shape description of biological objects via stereo light microscopy

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):475 - 489
Cited by:  Papers (22)
| | PDF (1476 KB)

Computational stereo vision techniques are applied to the analysis of the three-dimensional (3-D) shape of biological specimens imaged through a stereo light microscope. 3-D shape descriptions are derived by integrating binocular and monocular measurements. Microscopic biological objects viewed through a light microscope generally have ill-defined boundaries in shape and reflectance and often exhi... View full abstract»

• ### Decision trees and decision-making

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):339 - 346
Cited by:  Papers (218)  |  Patents (5)
| | PDF (780 KB)

Various practical systems capable of extracting descriptive decision-making knowledge from data have been developed and evaluated. Techniques that represent knowledge about classified tasks in the form of decision trees are examined. A sample of techniques is sketched, ranging from basic methods of constructing decision trees to ways of using them noncategorically. Some characteristics that sugges... View full abstract»

• ### Model-based decision support and user modifiability

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):513 - 518
Cited by:  Papers (8)
| | PDF (664 KB)

Problems and relevant technology pertaining to the prospects for developing an expert-system-supported environment for modeling and problem solving are reviewed. Four aspects of research with model-based support systems are examined: (1) computer-assisted modeling; (2) knowledge-based modeling; (3) automated modeling environments; and (4) model-based query systems. An approach to equipping systems... View full abstract»

• ### Probabilistic modeling and fault analysis in sequential logic using computer simulation

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):490 - 498
Cited by:  Papers (4)
| | PDF (668 KB)

The problem of detecting permanent faults in sequential circuits by random testing is analyzed utilizing a continuous parameter Markov model. Given a sequential circuit with certain stuck faults specified, the original state table and its error version can be readily derived from an analysis of the circuit under fault-free and faulty conditions, respectively. By simulation of these two tables on a... View full abstract»

• ### Using predicate logic to integrate qualitative reasoning and classical decision theory

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):347 - 357
Cited by:  Papers (14)
| | PDF (968 KB)

An approach that accommodates classical decision theory within a framework of first-order logic with nonmonotonic extensions is described. Among the benefits offered by the approach are the potential: to express qualitative arguments about the desirability of decision options in the absence of probability or utility parameters; to automate techniques for generating decision options; and to initiat... View full abstract»

• ### System lifecurves, acceptability regions and reliability

Publication Year: 1990, Page(s):498 - 502
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (440 KB)

It is shown that the investigation of the relations between the life-curves population and the acceptability regions of a technical system can be used as a basis for the system life expectancy analysis and optimization, which is one of the main components of the system reliability optimization. The optimization of a nuclear reactor fuel element design is chosen as an example to illustrate the idea... View full abstract»